Containment Facilities For Zoo Animals

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6.3.3 Importation of zoo animals ..................................................................................22 6.3.4 Export of zoo animals ..........................................................................................22 6.3.5 Transport of zoo animals......................................................................................22 6.4 Disposal of Dead Zoo Animals and Waste ..................................................................22 6.5 Disease Occurrence and Investigation.........................................................................23 6.6 Contingency Plans........................................................................................................23 6.7 External Audit............................................................................................................. .23 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 3 of 72 6.7.1 Non-compliance...................................................................................................23 6.8 Consequences of Cancellation of Approval of the Zoo...............................................24 6.9 Costs...................................................................................................................... .......24 6.10 Reporting Requirements...........................................................................................24 6.11 Records................................................................................................................... ..24 7 Schedule One................................................................................................................. ...28 7.1 Enclosure Standards for Zoo Animals .........................................................................28 7.1.1 Criteria for assessment.........................................................................................28 1. Physical ability.........................................................................................................28 7.2 Behavioural requirements ............................................................................................28 7.3 Risk ratings............................................................................................................... ....29 8 Carnivores C1: Felids and Ursidae (excluding cheetah)..................................................30 8.1 Risk ratings............................................................................................................... ....30 8.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................30 8.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................30 8.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................31 8.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................31 8.2 Enclosure standards for Felids and Ursidae (excluding cheetah)................................31 8.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................31 8.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................33 8.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................34 8.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................34 9 Carnivores C2: Canidae, Hyaenidae, cheetah.................................................................36 9.1 Risk ratings............................................................................................................... ....36 9.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................36 9.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................36 9.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................36 9.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................36 9.2 Enclosure standards for Canidae, Hyaenidae, cheetah.................................................37 9.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................37 9.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................38 9.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................39 9.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................39 10 Carnivores C3: Mustelidae (weasels, otters, badgers, skunks) Procyonidae (raccoons, etc) Viverridae (civets, genets) .............................................................................................. ..41 10.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .41 10.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................41 10.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................41 10.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................41 10.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................41 10.2 Enclosure standards for Mustelidae (weasels, otters, badgers, skunks) Procyonidae (raccoons, etc) Viverridae (civets, genets)...........................................................................42 10.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................42 10.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................43 10.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................44 10.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................44 11 Large Primates P1: apes and baboons..............................................................................46 11.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .46 11.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................46 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 4 of 72 11.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................46 11.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................47 11.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................47 11.2 Enclosure standards for apes and baboons...............................................................47 11.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................47 11.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................49 11.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................49 11.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................50 12 Primates P2: (other than apes and baboons) ....................................................................52 12.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .52 12.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................52 12.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................52 12.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................53 12.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................53 12.2 Enclosure standards for Primates P2: (other than apes and baboons)......................53 12.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................53 12.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................55 12.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................55 12.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................56 13 Ungulates, Marsupials and Rodentia................................................................................57 13.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .57 13.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................57 13.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................57 13.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................58 13.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................58 13.2 Enclosure standards for Ungulates, Marsupials and Rodentia.................................58 13.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................58 13.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................59 13.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................60 13.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................60 14 Pachyderms (elephant, rhinos, hippos) ............................................................................62 14.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .62 14.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................62 14.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................62 14.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................62 14.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................62 14.2 Enclosure standards for Pachyderms (elephant, rhinos, hippos)..............................63 14.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................63 14.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be addressed by:..........................................................64 14.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................64 14.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................65 15 Avian Species............................................................................................................... ....67 15.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .67 15.1.1 Physical ability.....................................................................................................67 15.1.2 Behavioural factors ..............................................................................................67 15.1.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................68 15.1.4 Keeper safety and issues ......................................................................................68 15.2 Enclosure standards for avian species......................................................................68 15.2.1 Physical containment............................................................................................68 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 5 of 72 15.2.2 Behavioural factors shall be facilitated by:..........................................................69 15.2.3 Public safety.........................................................................................................69 15.2.4 Keeper safety........................................................................................................70 16 Enclosure standards for reptiles.......................................................................................71 16.1 Physical containment................................................................................................71 16.1.1 The perimeter of the enclosure.............................................................................71 16.1.2 The enclosures must meet the following requirements:.......................................72 16.1.3 General structural requirements...........................................................................73 16.1.4 Behavioural factors shall be facilitated by:..........................................................73 16.1.5 Public safety.........................................................................................................74 16.1.6 Keeper safety........................................................................................................74 17 Invertebrates: Butterflies and Moths................................................................................75 17.1 Risk ratings.............................................................................................................. .75 17.2 Generic requirements for butterfly and moth enclosures.........................................75 17.3 Enclosure standards for the Butterfly House ...........................................................77 17.4 Enclosure standards for breeding rooms for butterflies and moths..........................78 Endorsement The Authority in accordance with the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 approves this Standard for the containment of zoo animals. ____________________ ______________ Rob Forlong Date Chief Executive Environmental Risk Management Authority ERMA New Zealand for Environmental Risk Management Authority This Standard is approved pursuant to sections 39 and 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993 ____________________ ______________ Debbie Pearson Date Chief Technical Officer Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 6 of 72 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 7 of 72 Review This MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard is subject to review and amendment at any time, to ensure that it continues to meet current needs. Amendments will be issued to holders of controlled copies and operators of containment facilities approved under this Standard. Amendment record Amendments to this Standard will be given a consecutive number and will be dated. Please ensure that all amendments are inserted, obsolete pages removed and the record below is completed. Amendment No: Entered by: Date: 1 S Butcher. 26 Jan 2007 2 3 4 5 Significant Amendments 1. Addition of the Butterfly and Moth Enclosure Standard. 2. Update authority name to MAF Biosecurity New Zealand. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 8 of 72 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope This Standard specifies the structural and operating requirements for containment facilities (zoos) holding zoo animals. It also specifies how these facilities and their operators may be approved. 1.2 Background This Standard applies to zoo animals that are new organisms, i.e. those that have not been approved for release in New Zealand (e.g. lions and meercats) but are deemed to have containment approval under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996. These new organisms are not eligible for release into New Zealand and the primary purpose of containment is to prevent their escape. They are defined as 8restricted organisms 9 in the Biosecurity Act, 1993 and are required to be held permanently in a containment facility approved under this Act. The Environmental Risk Management Authority (the Authority) may impose additional controls under Third Schedule of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996 for containment of a zoo animal. Before new species of zoo animals can be held in New Zealand zoos, the Authority must approve an application to import. An approval may be subject to controls, however, any operator may hold the same zoo animal under the same controls without the need for a further application to the Authority. An import health standard is also needed for any importation. Application must be made to MAF if one is not available. A zoo may, in addition, hold animals that are not classified as new organisms. These are not subject to the conditions of this Standard. Nor indeed is any collection of exhibit animals comprised only of those that are not new organisms, subject to this Standard. This standard replaces the Zoological Gardens Regulations 1977 that were revoked on 28 July 2003. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 9 of 72 " " " " " " 2 References This Standard is an approved standard in terms of sections 39 and 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. The following publications are referred to: AS/NZS Standard 9001:2000: Quality Systems - Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing. Published by Standards New Zealand. ISO/IEC 17020: General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection. Code of welfare for zoos, animal parks and aquariums. Code of welfare for circuses. International Air Transport Association (IATA) Live Animals Regulations Import health standards for imported zoo animals. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Standard the following definitions apply: Approval Means approved by the Director-General, MAF, or his/her delegate. The chief technical officer, Operational Standards Team Manager and Senior Advisers are delegatees for this Standard. Audit An evaluation to determine the degree of conformity with prescribed criteria and provides a basis for ongoing improvement. Authorised movement Authority from an inspector, given under section 25 of the Biosecurity Act, to move uncleared goods to a transitional facility, containment facility or biosecurity control area. Chief technical officer Is the chief technical officer [as defined in section 101 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993] of MAF with responsibility for animal health in New Zealand. The delegatees identified in the definition of approval (see above) are the people to contact where reference is made to a chief technical officer in this Standard. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 10 of 72 Circus Zoo animals kept in the same ownership or control that are not kept permanently in one place but are part of a travelling show. Confined contact Handling of a animal when it is spatially confined and the keeper has contact through some type of protective barrier. Typically in this system, the specimen is not free to leave the work area until released by the keeper. The term 8confined contact 9 shall not apply when the animal is under restraint (either physical and/or chemical). Containment facility Means a place approved in accordance with section 39 of the Biosecurity Act 1993, for holding organisms that should not, whether for the time being or ever, become established in New Zealand. A containment facility may contain one or more enclosures. For the purpose of this Standard zoos and circuses must be approved as containment facilities. Containment measure Within a zoo three separate containment measures or combination of measures described below may be used to achieve restraint of a zoo animal within an enclosure. Physical containment: Containment that maintains the animal within an enclosure by means of physical structures so that the animal(s) cannot climb, dig, swim or jump their way out. Psychological containment: Containment that restrains an animal in an enclosure or within a given area by means of implied threat or reward, or by manipulation of the animal 9s natural behaviours or instincts. For example electric fencing, strong territorial behaviour, placing food source within one area only. Using odours and sounds that deter animals from entering certain areas. Direct control containment: Containment of an animal within an enclosure or within a given area by direct control from a keeper/handler. In practice this utilises psychological containment and depends on the ability of a keeper to call or otherwise entice the animal directly into a night house, den or other structure where the animal can be controlled by physical means. Controls Containment conditions imposed by the Environmental Risk Management Authority for an organism (zoo animal) as per section 45 (2) of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996. Director-General The chief executive of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry or his/her delegate. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 11 of 72 Enclosure The exhibit or place within a zoo where zoo animals are held by one or more containment measures. Free contact Direct handling of an animal where the keeper and the animal share the same unrestricted space. Neither the use of any physical restraint nor the posture of the animal diminishes the implied free contact. IMPACT A MAF database for recording operational information relating to imports of risk goods. Import health standard A document issued under section 22 of the Biosecurity Act, which specifies the requirements to be met for the effective management of risks associated with importation of risk goods, before those goods may be imported, moved from a biosecurity control area or a transitional facility, or given a biosecurity clearance. Incident An occurrence involving new organisms, which includes acts of non-compliance either through the failure to have a HSNO approval or a breach of conditions or controls, which is not a declared emergency but either presents or could have presented an unintended risk to the health and safety of people or the environment. This includes events where an unintended risk was narrowly averted and a series of events that may indicate a trend that causes concern. Indigenous animals Animals, such as rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), kiwis and llamas that are not new organisms (zoo animals). Inspector A person appointed as an inspector under the Biosecurity Act, 1993. Internal audit An audit carried out by the company or organisation to evaluate its own performance in relation to the Standard or prescribed criteria. Laboratory The National Centre for Disease Investigation, Ward Street, Wallaceville, Upper Hutt and any other laboratory approved by the chief technical officer. Lay-over site A site where zoo animals in a circus are held while the circus temporarily stops performances. Operational Standards Team Manager The nominal contact person for matters relating to this Standard. Address: Operational Standards Team Manager, Pre-Clearance Directorate MAF Biosecurity New Zealand ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 12 of 72 " " " " " Box 2526 Wellington Fax: (04) 894 1662 Email standards@maf.govt.nz New organism an organism belonging to a species that was not present in New Zealand immediately before 29 July 1998: an organism belonging to a species, subspecies, infrasubspecies, variety, strain, or cultivar prescribed as a risk species, where that organism was not present in New Zealand at the time of promulgation of the relevant regulation: an organism for which a containment approval has been given under this Act: a genetically modified organism: an organism that belongs to a species, subspecies, infrasubspecies, variety, strain, or cultivar that has been eradicated from New Zealand. Section 2A, HSNO Act. Operator The person who has overall responsibility for the facility, its maintenance and operation in terms of section 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. Permit to import A numbered document issued as a requirement of the import health standard. Physical failsafe A physical structure that supplements the primary containment measure and prevents animals breaching containment if they threaten the main structure (e.g. collapsible in-rigger, steep- sided small moat). Psychological failsafe A psychological factor that supplements the primary containment measure and prevents animals breaching containment if they threaten the main structure (e.g. an extra electrical wire separated from the main unit, small water structure for non-aquatic animals, etc). Procedure A document that specifies, as applicable, the purpose and scope of an activity; what shall be done and by whom; when, where, and how it shall be done; what materials, equipment and documentation shall be used; and how it shall be controlled. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 13 of 72 Protected contact Handling of a animal where the keeper and the animal do not share the same unrestricted space. Typically in this system, the keeper has contact with the animal through some type of protective barrier, while it is not spatially confined and is free to leave the work area at will. Restricted organisms Means any organism for which a containment approval has been granted in accordance with the HSNO Act, 1996 (including any approval deemed to have been granted under sections 254 (1), 254 (3), 254 (8) (a), 255 (l), 255 (2), 256, 258 (1), and 258 (3)). Section 2, Biosecurity Act, 1993. Supervisor The person employed by the supplier who inspects the containment facility and audits the operation of containment. Supplier The party responsible for the performance of the inspection and audit work under a contract with the MAF Biosecurity New Zealand. MAF Operations is the present supplier. The Authority Environmental Risk Management Authority responsible for administering the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996. Total containment Containment that encloses the animal completely in a physical structure (one that has a floor, sides and roof). Transporter Any wagon, truck, boat or van intended for the transport of an animal or animals. Zoo Means a containment facility approved to this Standard where live zoo animals are kept for the purposes of public exhibition, education, conservation or entertainment and includes, for example, a circus, butterfly house, aquarium and an oceanarium. A zoo may also hold indigenous animals that are not new organisms but these animals are not covered by this Standard. Zoo animal A new organism that has containment approval to be held in a zoo or circus. The organism is both a new organism under the HSNO Act and a restricted organism under the Biosecurity Act, 1993. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 14 of 72 4 Approval of a Zoo and an Operator 4.1 Approval of a Zoo A zoo (being a containment facility) shall be approved in accordance with section 39 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. Each zoo shall have an approved operator and be constructed and operated in accordance with this Standard. [It is expected that the zoo will comply with the requirements of the Resource Management Act 1991, Building Act 1991, Animal Welfare Act 1999, the codes of welfare, and any other relevant legislation.] A zoo shall not be approved unless there is an approved operator. 4.1.1 Procedure for approval of a zoo Any person wishing to have a zoo approved and to be approved as an operator shall establish contact with the supervisor. [The supervisor 9s identity may be obtained from the Supplier.] The supervisor will consider applications before construction or alteration of a zoo in order to provide advice on whether the proposed zoo is likely to comply with this Standard. 4.1.2 Site approval An application for site approval shall be submitted to the national manager through the supervisor before construction of a zoo is considered. Lay-over sites for circuses will need site approval but not for sites used while 8on the road 9. [If the site is not approved then there is no value in investing resources into developing the zoo.] The application for site approval shall provide the following: 1. A site plan of the property which shows the location of the zoo (lay-over site for circuses) and the entrances to the site. Boundaries of neighbouring properties shall be shown. The physical location of the property shall be clearly shown in relation to roads in the area. 2. Details of the proposal, including the numbers and kinds of zoo animals that will be held in the zoo. 3. Outline any future plans for acquiring new zoo animals. 4. Describe the outer containment boundary and on a site map show where the enclosures are located within the facility. Evidence from the relevant regional council and/or district council that the proposed operation satisfies planning requirements under the Resource Management Act, Building Act or any other relevant legislation under which these Councils have jurisdiction. The Director- General shall also be satisfied that the Local Authority has been properly informed about the project and, if appropriate, has issued a building consent to construct the zoo. Operators of a circus shall provide a broad outline of their intended travelling plans. A recommendation from the supervisor for site approval, which includes verification of the site 9s physical location. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 15 of 72 " " " Site approval from the national manager shall be in writing and the supervisor shall be advised. 4.1.3 Zoo approval When the operator has met the requirements of sections 2.1.2, 3 & 4 of this Standard the supervisor shall be requested to inspect the zoo manual and zoo. When the supervisor is satisfied that: 1. the operator has met the structural and operational requirements of a zoo(section 4) as required in this Standard, 2. the operator has met any additional control measures for holding animals as specified by the Authority, 3. the zoo manual (section 3) meets the requirements of this Standard, 4. the application form on page 23 of this Standard has been completed satisfactorily by the prospective operator, 5. the supervisor shall send the application form and a copy of the zoo manual to the national manager together with the supervisor 9s recommendation for approval of the zoo as a containment facility. Approval of a zoo will be in writing. A zoo may be approved for an unspecified time, a specified time or until a specified event. 4.2 Approval of the Operator The operator is responsible for the operation of the containment facility and ensuring that mechanisms are in place for resourcing the zoo. An operator shall be approved in accordance with section 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. If the Director-General is satisfied: that the applicant is a fit and proper person to be the operator of the containment facility specified in the application; and the applicant is able to comply with the operating standards for that zoo, he/she may approve the applicant as the operator of the zoo. In order to meet the second criterion above, the operator shall (demonstrate that he/she has access to) have the technical and financial resourcing mechanisms in place to maintain that zoo. The supervisor shall send the application forms on pages 24 and 25 to the national manager together with the supervisor 9s recommendation for approval of the operator. Approval of the operator will be in writing. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 16 of 72 4.2.1 Leased facilities If the zoo is leased, the lessee, responsible for the operation of the zoo, shall apply to be the operator and the contract with the owner shall clearly identify who is responsible for the maintenance of the premises and the resourcing of the operation. This contract shall be made available to the supervisor who shall be satisfied that the contract does not override the requirements of this Standard. 4.2.2 Collection of personal information on individuals In regard to any information being collected on the application for approval of an operator, this is personal information [being information identifying or being capable of identifying an individual person]. Notification is hereby provided, in accordance with Principle 3 of the Privacy Act 1993, to individuals of the following matters: This information is being collected for the purposes relating to the approval of an operator as per section 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. The recipient of this information, which is also the agency that will collect and hold the information, is the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, PO Box 2526, Wellington. You are reminded that under Principles 6 and 7 of the Privacy Act, 1993, you have the right of access to, and correction of, any personal information, which has been provided. 4.3 Cancellation of Approval A zoo is no longer approved when the time specified in the approval expires or an event specified in the approval occurs. In addition, the chief technical officer may cancel approval of a zoo if: 1. the zoo no longer complies with this standard, 2. the chief technical officer is satisfied that the zoo is no longer used for the purpose or one or more of the purposes specified in the approval, 3. the operator ceases to be an operator of the zoo, 4. the operator is no longer a fit and proper person, 5. the operator requests cancellation. The consequences of cancellation are described in section 4.9 . The chief technical officer may cancel approval of an operator if: 1. no longer satisfied that the zoo is being operated according to this standard, 2. the operator ceases to be an operator of the zoo, 3. the operator is no longer a fit and proper person, ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 17 of 72 4. the operator requests cancellation. Notice of cancellation shall be given in writing to the operator. 5 Zoo Manual The operator shall prepare, maintain and implement a quality assurance programme and procedures based on the principles of AS/NZS Standard 9001:2000, code of good manufacturing practice or similar quality programme [accreditation with other agencies such as IANZ is not required]. The quality assurance programme and any amendments shall address the requirements of this Standard. It shall be documented in the zoo manual or in an alternative quality system. The supervisor shall approve the quality assurance programme and any amendments. The items listed below are the minimum requirements for the zoo manual. 5.1 General Describe the long-term aims of the zoo. Provide a plan of the zoo showing where the zoo animals are held. 5.2 Containment Requirements Document the operational procedures required to meet section 4 of this Standard. 5.3 Management Identify the operator. Identify the manager if the operator nominates one. Specify and document the responsibilities of the operator, manager and staff. 5.4 Training Nominate a person or position responsible for ensuring that all people who work in the zoo are familiar with the principles of containment and the procedures of the zoo which ensure containment. Describe how the training programme is to be implemented, the time scale for implementation and refresher courses. Training must be available to new and existing staff. Document training records for all staff and ensure that staff are familiar with the requirements of this standard and any containment controls for zoo animals in their care. 5.5 Internal Controls Identify quality systems used in the zoo. The operator shall carry out an internal audit of its activities at least once every six months to verify that its activities continue to comply with the requirements of the quality assurance programme. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 18 of 72 The quality assurance programme adopted to satisfy the requirements of this Standard shall be reviewed at least once a year by the management. This review shall ensure its continuing suitability and effectiveness and introduce any necessary changes or improvements. All audit and review findings and any corrective actions that arise from them shall be documented. 5.6 Version Record the version number and issue date of the zoo manual on each page. Updates are to be approved by the supervisor who shall also hold an up to date copy of the manual. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 19 of 72 " " " 6 Structural and Operational Requirements 6.1 General Requirements The operator shall provide for the maintenance, care and welfare of animals and adopt the welfare codes for zoos and circuses. By appropriate enclosure design, supervision by trained staff and high standards of management, the operator of the zoo must ensure, as far as possible, that animals, staff, visitors and public are protected from injury or zoonoses. Staff must be protected through the provision of effective and well-maintained animal handling facilities appropriate to the species being handled. If dangerous animals are held then a trained person shall keep an adequate firearm at the zoo for use in an emergency. Any incident involving a zoo animal that causes death or injury to a person and requires medical treatment must immediately be reported by the operator to the Police, Occupational Safety and Health Service, ERMA New Zealand and the supervisor. 6.2 Containment of Zoo Animals The following requirements may be supplemented by species-specific controls from the Authority. 6.2.1 Enclosures The operation manual shall show how the Enclosure Standards are addressed for each species, with specific reference to: 1. the application of the appropriate containment formula and the consequent physical dimensions of the enclosure, 2. how the foundation of the barrier has been fixed, 3. how the psychological needs of the species are met, 4. how the enclosure complies with respect to public safety, 5. how the keeper safety requirements are met, 6. how the operator shall limit the likelihood of accidental release of any zoo animal or any associated viable genetic material, 7. how the operator will respond to a breach of containment, with particular reference to: the recovery of the zoo animal and associated genetic material, the safety of the visiting public, and the safety of all zoo staff. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 20 of 72 The operation manual shall show how any containment controls from the Authority are addressed. 6.2.2 Modifications to an enclosure Any major modifications to an enclosure that affects containment will require approval from the supervisor. A major modification is defined as a modification that potentially affects the integrity of the containment or significantly alters the structure of the enclosure. The supervisor will be required to inspect the new enclosure to check that it complies with this Standard. Minor modifications shall be recorded by the operator and checked by the supervisor at the next visit. 6.2.3 Perimeter fence In addition to the individual enclosures for each type of zoo animal, the zoo shall be completely enclosed by an outer perimeter fence that is separate from and totally surrounds the animal enclosures. This fence together with any other security measures shall deter unauthorised access of people and animals, and zoo animals escaping. This perimeter fence shall be at least 1.8 metres high, made of chain link, deer netting or an equivalent solid material and maintained in a state of good repair. If all zoo animals are housed in a closed building e.g. an aquarium, the perimeter fencing requirements are waived. The requirement for perimeter fencing is waived for circuses 8on the road' but measures to protect the public from zoo animals shall be implemented. These shall include the use of temporary fences at least 0.9 metres high and direct supervision by circus staff. 6.2.4 Maintenance of enclosures and systems The zoo manual must also include a maintenance section that provides for: A detailed description of any structural components of the zoo that require periodic inspection or maintenance to preserve the integrity of the enclosures and perimeter fencing; A clear description as to how all the functioning systems of the zoo operate, with particular attention paid to the design principles involved. The functioning systems include heating, ventilation, air conditioning systems, water supply, alarms, power supply, standby power supply, fire protection and security; Clear instructions on how to use the functioning systems, including procedures to be followed in the event of any reasonably foreseeable emergency; Clear maintenance instructions for all components of the functioning systems that require periodic inspection or maintenance to preserve the integrity of containment; 6.2.5 Additional Requirements for Circuses The operator shall provide the national manager with an itinerary at least a month in advance showing the projected movements of the circus. Any changes to the itinerary are to be notified to the national manager. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 21 of 72 6.2.6 Access of People to the Zoo A prominent sign shall be displayed at all entrances to show that the premise is a zoo and that unauthorised entry of people and animals is prohibited. Procedures shall be adopted to prevent unauthorised access to the zoo and enclosures. The entrances to the zoo shall be kept locked, except when in active use. As a general rule, in the interest of public safety and security of containment, the public shall not have direct contact with zoo animals. Barriers and signs shall be used to deter contact. Where access is permitted, no animal can be directly approached by the general public unless under the direct supervision of an experienced animal handler/trainer. These handlers should be within eye contact of all individual animals under their care when in the presence of the general public. 6.2.7 Register of Zoo Animals Where practicable each animal shall be permanently identified with a unique identifier unless they are the only individual of a given species at a zoo. A register shall be maintained which records in addition to the number and kinds of animals: 1. the correct scientific name, common name, individual identification, any personal name and any distinctive markings. (If there is any doubt as to the identity of the species the Authority may direct the zoo to utilise the services of a suitably qualified person to make a species determination.) 2. the origin (i.e. details of the wild population or of the parents and their origin, and of any previous location); 3. the date of birth and death; 4. the dates of acquisition and transfer, with details of circumstances and addresses; 5. breeding and details of any offspring; A reconciled register that accounts for births, deaths and transfers shall be available at all times. The operator shall regularly verify the accuracy of this register at a minimum of six monthly intervals. The supervisor may give a dispensation from maintaining a complete and accurate register for very small animals like fish and invertebrates. The supervisor may require a count of animals at any time to verify the register. 6.3 Movement of Zoo Animals No zoo animal may be introduced or removed from the zoo except with approval from the national manager. The operator shall direct any applications initially through the supervisor. The authorised movement shall specify the conditions. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 22 of 72 6.3.1 Temporary transfer Approval may be given for the temporary transfer of animals outside the zoo for any legitimate purpose (veterinary treatment, educational, filming or exhibition) but the national manager must be satisfied that provisions for containment are addressed. The operator shall submit a proposal, which describes the purpose of the transfer, provides details of the containment provisions associated with the transport and the temporary holding enclosure. Contingency plans shall address actions to be taken for any incidents during the transport or if there is an escape. Transfers for the purposes of emergency veterinary treatment are permitted without prior approval of the supervisor, but the supervisor must be notified as soon as is practicable. 6.3.2 Transfer to another zoo Copies of all records relevant to those animals must accompany zoo animals moving to new locations. The transfer of these animals shall be noted in the registers of both facilities. 6.3.3 Importation of zoo animals The importation of a zoo animal to New Zealand requires an import health standard and permit from MAF. An application for approval to import a new species (a new organism that does not occur in New Zealand) shall be made to the Authority. The supervisor shall be satisfied that the new enclosure meets controls specified by the Authority or complies with the enclosure standards in the schedule of this Standard before a permit to import will be issued by MAF. 6.3.4 Export of zoo animals Zoo animals may be exported. 6.3.5 Transport of zoo animals The minimum requirement for the transportation of the zoo animals by air from overseas, for movements within New Zealand and for transfers between facilities shall be in accordance with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Live Animals Regulations. All containers must be clearly labelled with the name, address and phone number of both the sender and the recipient. For further information refer to the Codes of Welfare. 6.4 Disposal of Dead Zoo Animals and Waste Dead zoo animals shall be incinerated or deeply buried. The operator shall institute measures to prevent the escape of zoo animals or their genetic material by way of discharge of water or liquid waste and removal of solid waste. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 23 of 72 6.5 Disease Occurrence and Investigation The operator shall make provision for the isolation and treatment of sick animals. The operator shall investigate infectious disease outbreaks within zoo animals and try to establish their cause. All disease test results shall be recorded. In order to meet New Zealand 9s requirements for surveillance of transmissible spongioform encephalitides the National Centre for Disease Investigation shall be contacted immediately (telephone 04 526 5600) when deaths occur in imported zoo animals belonging to the families 9 bovidae, cervidae or felidae. The head shall be removed and submitted to the laboratory nominated by the centre or specific samples collected by a registered veterinarian as directed by the centre. 6.6 Contingency Plans Contingency plans shall be in place to take account of: 1. the release or escape of zoo animals within and outside the zoo, 2. occurrence of infectious disease in the zoo animals, 3. emergency transfer to a veterinary surgery, 4. fire, earthquake, flooding and any other natural emergency, 5. closure of the zoo and disposal of the zoo animals. If there is an escape of zoo animals a prompt corrective action shall be taken to recover and return the escaped animals to the zoo. The supervisor shall be advised as soon as is possible. If the animal poses a potential threat to human safety the police must be notified immediately. If the zoo animal cannot be recovered, the zoo operator, in consultation with MAF, shall initiate an eradication programme with an associated monitoring regime. 6.7 External Audit The operator shall provide the supervisor or any other representative of the chief technical officer, access to the zoo, records and documents for the purposes of audit. During audits the operator shall be available to assist and ensure that all relevant procedures and records are made available to the supervisor. Inspections and on-site audits of the zoo will be conducted at least every twelve months by the supervisor as specified in section 6.4 of this Standard. Additional audits will be conducted as required especially if non-compliance is found. 6.7.1 Non-compliance Incidents of non-compliance will be dealt with by issuing: 1. a critical situation report for situations that may present a risk to biosecurity or to the ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 24 of 72 environment, or to the health and safety of people and communities. The chief technical officer may direct that the zoo shall be closed and may not be permitted to open until the non-conformity is rectified and measures taken to prevent recurrence, e.g. the perimeter fence has not been maintained to the Standard. 2. a corrective action request [CAR] for a non-compliance, which is not a serious risk to biosecurity or to the environment, or to the health and safety of people and communities. The zoo will remain open but the operator will be given a specified period of time to rectify the non-conformance, e.g. training of staff does not occur as stated in the zoo manual. 6.8 Consequences of Cancellation of Approval of the Zoo If approval of the zoo is cancelled the chief technical officer may require that the zoo is closed to the public and that the operator arrange for the disposal of the animals. Directions may be given to the operator as per section 126 Biosecurity Act, 1993. 6.9 Costs The operator is required to pay all costs associated with the approval and supervision of a facility in accordance with the Biosecurity Act, 1993 and its regulations. 6.10 Reporting Requirements The operator shall by the 30th of June each year provide the national manager through the supervisor a copy of the register, disease investigation records, and records of transfers to other zoos. Explanatory notes shall highlight the differences between the present year and the previous year. 6.11 Records The operator is required to demonstrate compliance with this Standard by keeping records as required for the zoo manual. Such records should be kept for a minimum of five years. 1. Approval records for the facility and operator. 2. Copies of permits to import, import health standard certification, the Authority approvals and controls, quarantine clearance and authorised movements. 3. The register of zoo animals [section 4.5]. 4. Records of transfers to other zoos. 5. Disease investigation records. 6. Records of internal audits and corrective actions. 7. Records of external audits and corrective actions. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 25 of 72 APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF A CONTAINMENT FACILITY FOR ZOO ANIMALS - PURSUANT TO SECTION 39 OF THE BIOSECURITY ACT, 1993. Name of the containment facility (Zoo): Physical location of the zoo [In addition attach a site plan showing relationship of the zoo to roads and other properties]: Species of zoo animal that will be contained (include a schedule): Operator's name: Organisation: Postal address: Telephone No: _____________________ Facsimile:______________________ I, _______________________________________________ , being the applicant, declaring that the above zoo meets the requirements of MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals, apply to have it approved as a containment facility. I include a copy of the zoo manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . &&&&&&.. Signature of applicant Date Form approved by the Director-General pursuant to Section 39 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____ MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals 29 January 2007 Page 26 of 72 APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF AN OPERATOR OF A CONTAINMENT FACILITY FOR ZOO ANIMALS) - PURSUANT TO SECTION 40 OF THE BIOSECURITY ACT 1993. Applicant's name: Designation: Organisation: Postal address: Telephone No: ______________________ Facsimile: _______________________ Name of containment facility (Zoo): Location of the containment facility (Zoo): I ________________________________________________________ , being the person [the proposed operator] responsible for the containment facility named above, declare that: I have read and understand MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Standard 154.03.04: Containment facilities for zoo animals. I will ensure that the operation of the containment facility is in accordance with this Standard. I have the technical and financial resourcing mechanisms in place to maintain the containment facility. I hereby apply for approval as an operator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . &&&&&&&. Signature of applicant Date Form approved by the Director-General pursuant to section 40 of the Biosecurity Act, 1993. The applicant shall complete this form and send to: Border Standards Biosecurity NZ PO Box 2526 Wellington CONSENT TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION Licensing & Vetting Service Centre Office of the Commissioner PO Box 3017 WELLINGTON I, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& [Surname] [Fore Names] &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& [Maiden or any other names used] Sex . . . . . [M/F] Date

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