Merit Badge Workbook

(if possible) and condition of the battery terminals ___________________________________________ C. Locate the fuse boxes; determine the size of fuses. _______________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p.<br><br> 2 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ Demonstrate the proper replacement of burned-out fuses. __________________________________________________ D. Demonstrate how to check the condition and tension of belts and hoses.<br><br> ______________________________________ E. Check the lighting in the vehicle, including instrument, warning, and exterior bulbs. ______________________________ F.<br><br> Locate and check the air filter. ________________________________________________________________________ G. Explain the purpose, importance, ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and limitations of safety belts and passive restraints.<br><br> ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ H. Find out the requirements for the state inspection in your state, including how often a vehicle needs to be inspected. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.<br><br> Explain the importance of registering a vehicle and find out the annual registration fee for renewing your family car's registration. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Dashboard.<br><br> Do the following: A. Explain the function of the fuel gauge, __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ speedometer, _____________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ tachometer, ______________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ oil pressure, ______________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and engine temperature gauge. _______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Point out each one on the instrument cluster.<br><br> ____________________________________________________________ B. Explain the symbols that light up on the dashboard and the difference between the yellow and red symbols. ___________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p.<br><br> 3 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ Explain each of the indicators on the dashboard, using the owner's manual, if necessary. _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Tires.<br><br> Do the following: A. Explain the difference between tire manufacturer's________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and vehicle manufacturer's specifications and show where to find them. _______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B.<br><br> Demonstrate how to check pressure and properly inflate a tire. ______________________________________________ Check the spare tire and make sure it is ready for use. _____________________________________________________ C.<br><br> Explain why wheel alignment is important to the life of a tire. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain camber, ___________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ caster, ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and toe-in adjustments on wheel alignment. _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.<br><br> Explain the purpose of the lateral-wear bar indicator. ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ E. Explain how to dispose of old tires in accordance with local laws and regulations.<br><br> ________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Engine. Do the following: A.<br><br> Explain how an internal combustion engine operates. ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tell the differences between gasoline___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and diesel engines. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain how a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle is powered.<br><br> __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p. 4 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain the purpose of engine oil.<br><br> _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain the API service code, ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ the SAE number, __________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and the viscosity rating. _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. Explain where to find the recommended oil type and the amount of oil to be used in the vehicle's engine.<br><br> _____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Cooling system Do the following: A. Explain the need for coolant in the cooling system.<br><br> ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain how to flush and change the engine coolant in the vehicle , ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and how to properly dispose of the used coolant. _________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.<br><br> Fuel system. Do the following: A. Explain how the air and fuel systems work together _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and why it is necessary to have an air filter and fuel filter.<br><br> ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain how a how a fuel injection system works and how an on-board computer works with the fuel injection system. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.<br><br> Ignition and electrical systems. Do the following: A. Diagram and explain the parts of the electrical system.<br><br> _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p. 5 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ B. Explain the cylinder engine sequence.<br><br> __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. Explain the purpose of the spark gap. __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.<br><br> Demonstrate how to change the spark plugs in any internal combustion engine (lawn mower, dirt bike, motorcycle). ____ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ E. Demonstrate how to safely connect jumper cables to your car battery.<br><br> ________________________________________ 9. Drive Train. Do the following: A.<br><br> Diagram the drive train and explain the different parts. _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p. 6 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ B.<br><br> Explain the difference between automatic _______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and standard transmissions. _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. Explain the types of automatic transmission fluid.<br><br> _________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ D. Explain the types of lubricants used in a standard transmission and in the differential. ____________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ E.<br><br> Explain the difference between front-wheel, _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ rear- wheel, ______________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and four-wheel drive. _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Brake System.<br><br> Do the following: Automotive Maintenance p. 7 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ A. Explain the brake system (including anti-lock systems) and how it operates.<br><br> ____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain the differences between disc ___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and drum systems. _________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C.<br><br> Demonstrate how to check the condition of a vehicle's brake system. _________________________________________ After checking make recommendations for repairs (if necessary). ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.<br><br> Do two of the following: A. Determine the value of three different vehicles you are interested in purchasing. One must be new and one must be used; the third vehicle can be new or used.<br><br> For each vehicle, find out the requirements and cost of automobile insurance to include basic liability and options for collision, comprehensive, towing, and rental car. Using the three vehicles you chose and with your merit badge counselor's assistance, complete the operation/maintenance chart provided in the merit badge pamphlet. Use this information to determine the operating cost per mile for each vehicle, and discuss what you learn with your counselor.<br><br> One must be new __________________________________________________________________________________ Cost of automobile insurance______________________________________________________________________ Operating cost per mile__________________________________________________________________________ and one must be used; ______________________________________________________________________________ Cost of automobile insurance______________________________________________________________________ Operating cost per mile__________________________________________________________________________ the third vehicle can be new or used. ___________________________________________________________________ Cost of automobile insurance______________________________________________________________________ Operating cost per mile__________________________________________________________________________ What you learned_______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. Choose a car cleaner _______________________________________________________________________________ and wax product ___________________________________________________________________________________ for a vehicle you want to clean.<br><br> _______________________________________________________________________ Explain clear-coat paint _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ and the precautions necessary for care. ________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p. 8 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Clean the vehicle, both inside and out, and wax the exterior.<br><br> ________________________________________________ Use a vinyl and rubber protectant (on vinyl tops, rubber door seals, sidewalls, etc.) and explain the importance of the protectant. _______________________________________________________________________________________ C. Locate the manufacturer's jack Use the jack to demonstrate how to engage the jack correctly on the vehicle, then change a tire correctly.<br><br> ______________________________________________________________________________________ D. Perform an oil filter and oil change on a vehicle. __________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain how to properly dispose of the used oil and filter.<br><br> ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Find out about three career opportunities in the automotive industry. _____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Pick one ____________________________________________________________________________________________ and find out about the education, training, and experience required for this profession.<br><br> _______________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Discuss this with your counselor, and explain why this profession might interest you.________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Automotive Maintenance p. 9 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ Online Resources: (Use any Internet resource with caution and only with your parent 9s or guardian 9s permission.) Boy Scouts of America: º scouting.org º Guide to Safe Scouting º Age-Appropriate Guidelines º Safe Swim Defense º Scout º Tenderfoot º Second Class º First Class Rank Videos º Safety Afloat Boy Scout Merit Badge Workbooks: usscouts.org -or- meritbadge.org Merit Badge Books: www.scoutstuff.org Requirement Resources These resources and much more are at: http://meritbadge.org/wiki/index.php/Automotive_Maintenance 1. Tools Necessary for Auto Repair 3 Safety 2.b.1.<br><br> Video: How to Check Brake Fluid Levels 2.b.2. Video: Checking Car Motor Oil Level 2.b.3. Video: How to Check Engine Coolant Levels 2.b.4.<br><br> Video: How to Check Power Steering Fluid Levels 2.b.5. Video: How to Check Windshield Washer Fluid Levels 2.b.6. Video: How to Check Transmission Fluid 2.b.7.<br><br> Video: How to Check a Car Battery for Corrosion 2.c. Video: How to Replace Automotive Fuses 2.d. Video: Checking Car Drive Belts 2.e.<br><br> Video: Check and Replace Lights 2.f. Video: How to Change a Car Air Filter 3. Dashboard Gauges 4.a.<br><br> Video: How to Interpret Car Tire Ratings 4.b. Tire Pressure Tread Wear - Video: Checking Car Tire Pressure - Video: How to Put Air in a Tire 4.c. Video: How to Diagnose an Alignment Problem.<br><br> 5. How Car Engines Work - Engine Diagram 6. How Car Cooling Systems Work - Cooling System Diagram 7.<br><br> Fuel System Diagram 8. See the Automotive Maintenance Workbook for graph paper to make your diagrams. Video: How Automobile Ignition Systems Work - Video: How to Change Spark Plugs - Video: How to Jump Start a Car 9.<br><br> See the Automotive Maintenance Workbook for graph paper to make your diagrams. Video: How Automatic Transmissions Work - Video: How Manual Transmissions Work - Drive Train Diagram 10. Video: How Engine Brakes Work - Video: How to Inspect Car Brakes ABS Brakes Diagram - Conventional Brakes Diagram - Difference between ABS and Conventional Brakes 11.a.<br><br> See the Automotive Maintenance Workbook for the Operation Maintenance chart you need to calculate the cost of ownership of vehicles. True cost of ownership calculator 11.b. Video: Car Detailing - Waxing - Video: Exterior Car Detail Tips 11.c.<br><br> Video: How to Change a Car Tire 11.d. Video: How to Change Your Own Oil General Resources: http://autorepair.about.com/ http://www.ehow.com/information_1005-car-maintenance.html http://autos.yahoo.com/maintain/repairqa/ http://www.doityourself.com/scat/automaintenanceandca Automotive Maintenance p. 10 Merit Badge Workbook Scout's Name: ________________________ Operation Maintenance Chart The Auto Maintenance Merit Badge Pamphlet is missing the required Operation Maintenance Chart!<br><br> Here is a sample chart that you might consider using until the BSA chart is published. The following is based on the interactive true cost of ownership calcula tor at Edmunds.com: http://www.edmunds.com/apps/cto/CTOintroController Monthly costs Calculations for: Year: _________ Make/Model: ________________________ Total Purchase Price $ Including taxes, dealer fees, etc. Financing (Payment) $ Assuming 3% of Price: Price X 0.03 (financing rates and terms vary greatly) Depreciation $ Assuming 1% of Price: Price X 0.01 (new vehicles depreciate more) Insurance $ A young male might average $150 for a new car with comprehensive & collision Tax & Fees $ Annual license and registration, fees, etc.<br><br> ÷ 12 (typically near $10/month) Gas $ =$/gallon ÷ Miles/gallon X ______ Miles/month (1,000 miles/month is average) Maintenance/Repairs $ Batteries, brakes, hoses, exhaust system, tires, engine, etc ($100/month?) Total $ = Financing + Depreciation + Insurance + Taxes + Gas + Maintenance ÷ Monthly Miles ÷ miles Use same assumption as for gas. 1,000 miles/month is average. = Cost per mile = The IRS assumes 58.5 cents/mile in 2008 though that estimate may be a low.<br><br> Monthly costs Calculations for: Year: _________ Make/Model: ________________________ Total Purchase Price $ Including taxes, dealer fees, etc. Financing (Payment) $ Assuming 3% of Price: Price X 0.03 (financing rates and terms vary greatly) Depreciation $ Assuming 1% of Price: Price X 0.01 (new vehicles depreciate more) Insurance $ A young male might average $150 for a new car with comprehensive & collision Tax & Fees $ Annual license and registration, fees, etc. ÷ 12 (typically near $10/month) Gas $ =$/gallon ÷ Miles/gallon X ______ Miles/month (1,000 miles/month is average) Maintenance/Repairs $ Batteries, brakes, hoses, exhaust system, tires, engine, etc ($100/month?) Total $ = Financing + Depreciation + Insurance + Taxes + Gas + Maintenance ÷ Monthly Miles ÷ miles Use same assumption as for gas.<br><br> 1,000 miles/month is average. = Cost per mile = The IRS assumes 58.5 cents/mile in 2008 though that estimate may be a low. Monthly costs Calculations for: Year: _________ Make/Model: ________________________ Total Purchase Price $ Including taxes, dealer fees, etc.<br><br> Financing (Payment) $ Assuming 3% of Price: Price X 0.03 (financing rates and terms vary greatly) Depreciation $ Assuming 1% of Price: Price X 0.01 (new vehicles depreciate more) Insurance $ A young male might average $150 for a new car with comprehensive & collision Tax & Fees $ Annual license and registration, fees, etc. ÷ 12 (typically near $10/month) Gas $ =$/gallon ÷ Miles/gallon X ______ Miles/month (1,000 miles/month is average) Maintenance/Repairs $ Batteries, brakes, hoses, exhaust system, tires, engine, etc ($100/month?) Total $ = Financing + Depreciation + Insurance + Taxes + Gas + Maintenance ÷ Monthly Miles ÷ miles Use same assumption as for gas. 1,000 miles/month is average.<br><br> = Cost per mile = The IRS assumes 58.5 cents/mile in 2008 though that estimate may be a low.

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