george in me inside

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c I t is more interesting to dispose of money than to make it. d Looking at George Eastman 9s hobbies and ideas 4 shaped in part from his experiences as a young man and the influences he had 4 it is not hard to see how they had an important role in his success in business and personal life. His interest in photography, music, education, philanthropy, architecture, gardening and the outdoors (in addition to inventing and running a company) all played a part in who he was and what he did. Resources: http://eastmanhouse.org/inc/collections/eastman_legacy.asp Activities 1.

Students will participate in a group sharing/discussion centered around their varied interests and hobbies in their own lives. Teacher can total/tally the overlap of the class interests and create a bar graph of the results. Venn diagram of these same interests can group their hobbies into categories.

AND / OR 2. Students can create a written piece comparing and contrasting the ways in which their hobbies are pursued today and the ways in which they would have been pursued in the life and time of George Eastman. ie., the art of photography.

Vocabulary: Philanthropy, Hobbies ART Project: Collage of Interests Directions: " Students can use their writing ... more. less.

piece or classroom graph from prep activities as inspiration for collage creations. " Students will look through magazines and select images that reflect the hobbies or interests that they pursue. Three or four different interests should be reflected in each collage. " Students select a photograph of themselves to be used as the central image for their collages. Photograph should be glued tothe center of the piece of paper to be used for their collage. " Students will draw lines from the corner of the photo to the corner of the paper /dividing it into three or four sections. " Each of the sections will be filled with separate distinct interests of the child. Students should attempt to stage images inside ofthe sections created on the paper and completely fill each area. " Collages may include small found objects that relate to the interests, they may also include drawings words or phrases that relate to the specific hobbies. Materials: Paper 12 d x 18 d or larger (any color); magazines photographs; glue. National and New York State Standards National: ELA: 4,6,8; Fine Arts (Visual): 1,2,3; Social Science 3 US History: Era 6; Technology: 3 New York State: ELA: 1; MST: 2; Social Studies: 2; Arts (visual) 1,2 Parts of Me George Eastman 9s inventions revolutionized the field of photography, changing it from an expensive, time-consuming, cumbersome process to an affordable, simple process that could be used by anyone. Led by the ideal of making this technology accessible for the masses, his inventions contributed to one idea: cMake the camera as convenient as the pencil.... d In addition, his inventive spirit and skill as a businessman created an industry with far-reaching effects. Resources: http://eastmanhouse.org/inc/collections/eastman_legacy.asp http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/kodakHistory/ http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/kodakHistory/eastmanTheMan.shtmlG http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/features/brownieCam/index.shtml http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eastman/peopleevents/pande16.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/eastman_lo.html Activities The Inventor 1. Give an oral presentation in which you compare the wet-plate and dry-plate photographic processes. What were the advantages and disadvantages of each? What problems did Eastman have to over come in his refinement of the dry-plate process? Use the PBS web site listed above as a resource. 2. George Eastman was not the only inventor working in the field of photography. Write an essay that describes: Some other products and ideas in his time; other inventors of this time he was in competition with. How did Eastman deal with these competitors? 3. You have been given the job to create a children 9s page in the news- paper to help young people learn about George Eastman and his con tributions as inventor and business man. Brainstorm several ways to accomplish your goal and select five different sections to develop into stories, including: headline, lead story, secondary story, editorial, and advertisements. 4. Patents were a very important aspect of George Eastman 9s success. Use the Patent Office Website http://www.uspto.gov/ (Go to the upper right and pull down the menu bar. View cKids d and cInventor resources d ). Prepare a Powerpoint presentation about the importance of patents and how they are obtained. Also use http://web.mit.edu/invent/h-chapters/h-one.html 5. Interested in inventing a new product? Use the following websites: http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ahrpa/opa/projxl/invthink/invthink.htm http://web.mit.edu/invent/h-main.html Some of the sources below help promote creativity: Donald Cardwell, (1995). Norton History of Technology, W. W. Norton. Great Inventions That Changed the World, a supplement to the American Heritage of Invention and Technology, Forbes, 1997 Nathan Asseng, (1991). Twentieth-Century Inventors, Facts-on-File. Charlotte Foltz Jones, (1991). Mistakes That Worked, Doubleday. Milton Lomask, (1991). Great Lives, Scribner 9s. Lois Markham, (1994). Inventions That Changed Modern Life, Raintree Steck-Vaughn. Inventor & Businessman c O ne may make a thing and make it well and consider his business as primarily a making of things. Or, one sets up an ideal and considers those things which he makes only as steps toward the ideal. d The Businessman Most inventions never develop into an international industry like Kodak. George Eastman started with an innate sense of business that he honed into a highly cultivated skill. 1. George Eastman felt there were five guiding principles to consider when planning a world class manufacturing organi- zation. These were: Quality and Cost; Product Diversification; Mass Production by Machinery; Worldwide Distribution; and Extensive Advertising. Write an essay in which you explain what he meant by one of these principles and show how he carried them out in his business. 2. George Eastman created several innovative practices for improving the lives and work situations of his employees. What were they? 3. Use a graphic organizer to compare and contrast Eastman 9s film and camera manufacturing industry to another industry of similar size in his time or in our time. 4. George Eastman is credited with the following quotations. The starred quote was used to describe him. cStand behind your product. d cWell, you have to trust in your organization. d cA successful future begins with quality education. d cA good reputation is measured by how much you can improve the lives of others 4customers, employees, community d a. Select one of these quotes. In an essay, describe how it applies to George Eastman 9s life and work. b. Determine if each still a good business practice today by interviewing or surveying some businessmen of today. " Ask which one they think is most important and why. Make a graph of their responses. " What advice would they add to this list? 5. Using the information from the PBS website or other sources, write a conversation that George Eastman might have had with: Thomas Edison (motion pictures) Booker T. Washington (minority education) Josephine Dickman (the arts) Henry Strong Osa and Martin Johnson Henry Reichenbach (employee, researcher) William Walker (employee, researcher) National and New York State Standards National Standards: Science 1, 2, 5, 6; SS-Economics 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13; ELA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11; Technology 4, 5, 6 ; US History Era 6 Part of George Eastman 9s character was a sense of civic responsibility and his commitment to philanthropic works. One of his main goals was cto make Rochester the best city in which to live and work. d He actively distributed his fortune to colleges, hospitals, arts institutions, and parks. Many of the projects he supported thrive today. It has been estimated that he personally gifted over 100 million dollars worldwide. (Today that would be the equivalent of $1.6 billion.) Much of his generosity was anonymous. Mr. Eastman was a meticulous record keeper. Many of his good works are documented in photographs and his beliefs are revealed in letters. By using these documents, students can gain a clearer understand- ing of George Eastman 9s good works and how his philosophy can relate to their own lives. For more information on George Eastman: Philanthropist , visit www.eastmanhouse.org Activity: Document-Based Questions Document One: George Eastman 9s first philanthropy was a gift of $50 in 1881. His salary at the time was $60 a week. In George Eastman 9s manuscript for a magazine article, he reveals some of his beliefs about giving. Questions " Define the word cdistribute. d " When did Mr. Eastman believe money he earned should be shared? " How did Mr. Eastman feel about wills and waiting until after death to distribute wealth? Philanthropist George Eastman at approximately 13 years of age. c W hat we do in our working hours determines what we have in this world. What we do in our play hours determines what we are. d Left: From George Eastman 9s original manuscript for a Hearst International Magazinearticle, September 1923. Interior view of the Rochester Dental Dispensary, Main Street, Rochester, New York, ca. 1918. Document Two: Mr. Eastman often gave his financial gifts anonymously. With his first contribution to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he stipulated that his identity not be revealed. The college president felt that the term canonymous giver d was too clumsy and decided to use the pseudonym of cMr. Smith d for George Eastman. Questions " Define the words canonymous d and pseudonym. " What did Mr. Eastman prefer the college not do when he made his MIT contribution? " When and why was it revealed? George Eastman was one of the most important inventors, businessmen, and philan- thropists of his era. His story transcends many areas of study 4 history, technology, language arts 4 but this examination also contains an opportunity to discover what his example can stand for today; to help students find 8the George Eastman in Me 9. This Educators 9 guide was assembled not just to explore the legend of one man 9s achievements, but the characteristics and ideas he developed that contributed to who he was and how that changed his world 4 and ours. PRIMARY INTERMEDIATE/SECONDARY INTERMEDIATE/SECONDARY George Eastman and Thomas Edison in Eastman 9s terrace garden, July 31, 1928 Kodak advertisement, ca. 1927 Document Three: After his death, it was estimated that George Eastman provided over $100 million in philanthropy worldwide. He made generous donations to colleges, hospitals, dental dispensaries, parks, and community organizations. He created a world class school of music and instituted many progressive labor reforms in his own company. Mr. Eastman hoped that his contributions would have a lasting effect on the com- munities to which he supported; he hoped the institutions that he created would outlive him. Questions " What is cphilanthropy? d " Name five organizations that benefited from Mr. Eastman 9s philanthropy. " Who benefited from his generosity? " What do you learn about Mr. Eastman from the contributions he made? Essay Question Directions: Write a well-organized essay using the documents, your answers to document-based questions, and your knowledge of social studies. Historical Background: George Eastman was a very successful businessman and created the Eastman Kodak Company. Although he was a very wealthy man, he considered it his duty and privilege to share his good fortune with others. It has been estimated that through Mr. Eastman 9s philanthropy, he provided over $100 million dollars worldwide to colleges, hospitals, clinics, art institutions, and parks. One of his lasting legacies was his commitment to doing good works for other people. Task: Using the information from the documents and your knowledge of social studies, write an essay in which you describe how George Eastman 9s contributions helped to make the world a better place. In your essay, remember to " Describe how George Eastman helped other people by sharing his wealth " Include an introduction, body, and conclusion " Use information from the documents in your answer " Include details, examples, or reasons in developing your ideas Cross-Curricular Extensions " Make connections between organizations to which Mr. Eastman donated 4have you heard of any of them? Are any of them still in existence? " Organize a fundraiser for an institution or charity in your community. " Choose an institution or organization. Write a letter to George Eastman, telling him about it today. " Explore the George Eastman House website. " Make a time-line of George Eastman 9s philanthropic activities and contributions. National and New York State Standards " NYS Learning Standards for Social Studies- State Education Department Standard 1: History of the United States and New York; Standard 2: World History " NYS Learning Standards for English Language Arts 4State Education Department Standard 1; Standard 3 " Curriculum Standards for Social Studies from the National Council for the Social Studies Strand 1 4Culture; Strand X 4Civic Ideas and Practices. " Standards for the English Language Arts from the International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English. Standard 1; Standard 4 From the New York City Evening World newspaper article, 8Eastman 9s Gift Now $40,000,000 9, December 9, 1924. George Eastman died in 1932. Below: This part of the Boston Globe newspaper article quotes Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( 9Tech 9) President Maclaurin 9s speech about George Eastman 9s giving.

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