SINGAPORE ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND

imports are petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, telecommunication and computer equipment. Country Profile Energy Intensity ~ Singapore 25 th out of 45 Countries Yr2000 20,530 kJ/$ Per Capita Energy Consumption ~ 360 Million kJ (US value : 376 Million kJ) Per Capita Carbon Emission ~ 6.4 Metric Tonnes (US value : 5.5 Tonnes) Carbon Emission ~ 25.5 Million Tonnes ~ 0.4% of World Total EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Environmental Impact EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Limited Fresh Water Resources Limited Land For Waste Disposal Seasonal Haze from Indonesian Forest Fires Carbon Emission by Sector Industrial -58.3% Transportation - 26.5% Commercial -9.1% Residential -6.1% EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Overall Energy Use " No Indigenous Energy Resource Singapore : Dependent on import for its energy use " Crude Oil Refinery Capacity 1.3 Million Barrels/Day " Oil Consumption 600,000 Barrels/Day (Yr2000) " Natural Gas Consumption 53 BSCF (Yr1999) EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Primary Energy Supply Oil Gas Others 94% 5.3% Total Primary Energy 320,975 kTOE Oil 319,780 kTOE Gas 31,132 kTOE Others 364 kTOE EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Residential & Commercial Transport Industrial 1,325 KTOE, 37.7% 1,016 KTOE, 28.9% 1,172 KTOE, 33.4% EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Energy Demand : A Breakdown Total Energy Consumption ~ 3,513 kTOE(YR1998) Electricity Oil Gas Coal 96,2.8% 1,174, 33.4% 2,242, 63.8% 96,2.8% Energy Demand: A Breakdown Energy Demand by Source Total ~ 3,513 KTOE EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Energy : A Breakdown (1998) 2,242 Electricity 64 Others 96 Gas 1,132 Gas 1,174 Oil 19,780 Oil - Coal - Coal 3,513 Total * Incineration Plants 1,325 Others 20,975 Total 739 Others* 1,172 Transport 20,912 Net Imports 27,685 Thermal 1,016 Industry 64 * Indigenous Production Power Generation GWh Total Energy Consumption kTOE Total Primary Energy Supply kTOE EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration 1152 kTOE $1.477 Billion Total 473 kTOE $0.288 Billion Fuel Oil 640 kTOE $1.189 Billion Electricity EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Industrial Energy Use (Yr 2000) Total Establishments, Approximately : 4044 A Sample Break-Down 280 414.10 197 Electronics Industry 270 366 236 Chemical Industry 214 171 18 Petrochemical Industry 70 47.10 688 Fabricated Metal Industry 47 48.20 340 Food, Beverage & Tobacco Industry kTOE $Million INDUSTRIES EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Overview of Electricity Generation & Use EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Total Power Capacity ~7.296 GW (Yr 2001) Power Generation / Sales ~29,653.4 Million kW h (Yr 2001) Power Sector Generation capacity7.296 G W (Yr 2001 ) Generation capacity to grow 8.8 G W (Yr 2007 ) Electricity sales29,600 GWh (Yr 2001 ) Electricity sales to grow41,017 GWh (Yr 2007 ) EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration 50 MW " EllbaEastern 180 MW " ExxonMobilAsia Pacific 470 MW " Keppel MerlimauCogen 3300 MW " SenokoPower 3100 MW " Power Seraya 2670 MW " TuasPower 900 MW " SembCorp Cogen 800 MW " Island Power Company 20 MW " Singapore Syngas EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Power Industry Time Trend Historical Power Chart 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 1989199419951996199719981999200020012007 Years Electricity Sale (MKWh) EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Natural Gas Sector EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration No Indigenous Gas Reserves Gas supply secured through Sales Agreements 40% of Power Generation by Gas Malaysia 3Singapore : Gas Sales Agreements 1.Petronas and Singapore Power (Yr 1992) 15 Years 150 MMSCF/day Solely for Power Generation SenokoPower Plant Natural Gas Sector Indonesia 3Singapore : Gas Sales Agreements 1.Pertamina and SembCorpGas (Yr 2001) 22 Years 325 MMSCF/day Power Generation Industrial Sales EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Pertamina & Semb Corp Gas Sales Agreement Power Generation " SembCorpCogen " TuasPower " PowerSeraya Gas Sales " Industrial Customers Natural Gas Sector EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Natural Gas Sector Pertamina & Semb Corp Gas Sales Agreement Natural Gas in Transport " First CNG refueling station commenced operation in April 2002 " Fleet of 27 Buses & 100 Taxis on a Trial 3Run Basis EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Natural Gas Sector Indonesia 3Singapore : Gas Sales Agreements 2.Pertamina and PowerGas(Yr 2003) 20 years 350 MMSCF/day Island-wide Commercial & Industrial Sales EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration " Plans In Incubation : LNG Import Facility " Location of Proposed LNG Import Facility @ TuasView " To achieve greater energy diversification " Potential as regional gas hub for South-East Asia " Plans yet to be implemented EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Natural Gas Sector Cogeneration Potential " Eventual island-wide distribution of natural gas " City-Gas to promote natural gas use and cogeneration applications in industry " Rise in awareness & availability of distributed generation " Cogeneration in district cooling EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Revamping of Singapore Utilities " Parliament Passed Five Bills, March 2001 To Develop a New Framework for the Utilities Market 1.Public Utilities Bill " Public Utilities Board 9s,(PUB) Water Department Merged with the Environment Ministry 9s Sewerage & Drainage Department.<br><br> " Restructured PUB with ENV. EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration 2.Energy Market Authority Bill " Energy Market Authority, (EMA) Established " As Regulator of Electricity & Gas Industries and other Energy Sectors 3.Gas Bill " Designates EMA as Regulator of the Gas Industry. " Promote Competition in Natural Gas Supply " Regulate Price, Protect Customer Interests " Set Practice Standards & Monitor Performance EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Revamping of Singapore Utilities 4.Electricity Bill " Empowers EMA to be Regulator of the Electricity Industry.<br><br> " EMA to Create a Competitive Electricity Industry " Set Standards & Codes of Practice " Monitor Performance & Safety Standards 5.District Cooling Bill " Designates EMA as a Regulator for the Operators of District Cooling Services. EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Revamping of Singapore Utilities Water Authority Public Utilities Board PUB Ministry of Environment Gas Market Electricty Market Dictrict Cooling Energy Market Authority EMA Ministry of Trade & Industry EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration Revamping of Singapore Utilities

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