Force and Motion

different ways can they balance ten pennies? Force and Motion Parent involvement in a child 9s education contributes to school success.<br><br> Delta Science Modules offer many opportunities for parents to learn about and participate in their child 9s science education. Use these features in the DSM Teacher 9s Guide to help you develop and encourage parent participation: 1014237 © Delta Education All rights reserved. p.<br><br> 46 Point out that the soles of our shoes provide friction between our bodies and the surfaces we walk on. Show students how to do a sole imprint: cover the shoe sole with a piece of paper and rub over it lightly with a pencil to reproduce the pattern. Then invite them to compare the soles of family members 9 shoes and bring in to class a rubbing of the sole they think will provide the most friction.<br><br> 2 p. 54 Students can make a roller pathway for an air- powered vehicle at home. Have them ask a parent to make a half-inch hole in one end of a shoebox and to put a balloon in the box with the neck sticking out the hole.<br><br> Lay a row of straws across a table or floor. Blow up the balloon, twisting the end to keep the air inside. Place the box onto the rollers and release the balloon.<br><br> Which way does the box move? Why? What happens to the rollers?<br><br> p. 63 Students are likely to be aware of wheels outside, on cars, trucks, wagons, bicycles, and so on. Ask them now to be on the lookout for wheels inside the house.<br><br> See who can find wheel and axle machines in unusual places at home. Let them make up riddles about the wheels and the work they do, and try to stump the class. ( cTurn me and you will soon be able to run through the sprinkler.<br><br> What wheel am I? d The outside faucet. ) p. 71 Invite students who have bicycles to look for the gear wheels on their bicycles.<br><br> How many teeth does each gear contain? Based on what they have learned in this activity, which gear turns faster (or fastest) when they pedal? p.<br><br> 89 Point out to students that inclined planes slope down as well as up. Encourage them to conduct experiments at home on how the steepness of the slope affects objects sliding down the ramp. Using a piece of stiff cardboard for an inclined plane and a toy car (or other small wheeled object), have students measure how far the car rolls each time the upper end of the inclined plane is raised a little higher.<br><br> What do they notice as the inclined plane gets steeper? p. 116 Use the Word Work search puzzle (in the Copymasters section of the guide) as a review of Force and Motion vocabulary words.<br><br> Make a copy for each student, as either a take-home assignment or an in-class project. Connections The last page of every activity includes several ideas for further discussion, investigation, or research. Many of these suggestions are also good family activities.<br><br> Cross-curricular suggestions for language arts, math, social studies, health, and the arts are featured. Connections also include Science Challenges; Science Extensions; Science, Technology, and Society; and Science and Careers. Student Sheets As they work through a hands-on activity, students complete a student sheet that may show their predictions, observations, recordings, or responses.<br><br> Students should bring these sheets and/or science notebooks home to discuss with their families. Student sheets are found in the Copymasters section of the teacher 9s guide. References and Resources Recommended books and websites for the unit are listed on pages 137 3138.<br><br> You may want to share this information with parents so they can obtain library books or supervise Internet research. Community Resources Whether you live in an urban area or a small town, encourage parents to take advantage of local resources with a link to the science unit you are studying. Ask your school librarian or a parent volunteer to compile a list of appropriate science museums, natural history museums, zoos, planetariums, parks (local, state, or national), state divisions of wildlife, local departments of agriculture, or cooperative university extensions.<br><br> As well as opportunities for school field trips for your class, they provide a rich experience for family field trips. Contact these community sites ahead of time to see what information they offer about the science unit you are studying. 3 Delta Science Readers" These 16-page nonfiction books for students are a core part of every DSM kit and can also serve as a home-school link.<br><br> They promote reading in the content area, present key science concepts and vocabulary, and support and extend the experiences of hands-on activities. Parents can ask students to walk them through a section of the book and to point out the various features (table of contents, glossary, etc.), explain some of the bold words, or describe what the illustrations show. Suggest that parents supervise a website research of one of the scientists mentioned in People in Science or of another scientist the child is interested in.<br><br> 4 Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Force and Motion © Delta Education School-home connection Date Dear Families, During the next few weeks, we will be getting quite a cworkout d in science. That 9s because the topic of our next science unit is work. In Force and Motion, students will learn that work happens when a force moves an object a certain distance. We will investigate how, when, and why work occurs. We will use push-pull meters to measure the amount of force a given task requires. And we will explore how simple machines reduce the amount of force needed to do work. Studies show that children learn science best by firsthand exploration. The hands-on activities in this unit will bring science alive! In addition, a Force and Motion reader will build communication and vocabulary skills, vital parts of science education. Many of the activities we perform each day involve moving things. For an object to move, a force 4a push or a pull 4must act on it. Whenever an applied force moves an object, work is done. Machines are tools that help us work by moving objects easier, faster, or farther. Some machines are quite simple, having just one moving part and requiring only the force provided by a human or an animal. It is these simple machines, and how they change the nature of work, that students will build and operate as they investigate force and motion. The hands-on activities in this unit explore the six types of simple machines. Here are some of the experiments and projects we may do: Use a 6 1v 1r to lift a load and discover the tradeoff between force and distance. Use a w 4 1 1 6 a 7d ax 6 1 to lift a load and observe the transfer of force.<br><br> Build gear systems that magnify force by changing direction and speed of rotation. Construct fixed and movable pu 6 6 1y systems and observe how they work. Measure the force required to raise an object using an 5 7\xf 6 5 7 1d p 6a 7 1.<br><br> Change the direction of applied force by using a w 1dg 1 to lift a load. Compare the amount of force required to drive a nail and a s\xfr 1w into wood. You can help reinforce the concepts of Force and Motion at home by being alert to all the cwork d your child accomplishes each day. Point out instances of pushing, pulling, lifting, dragging, twisting, pressing, opening, closing, and so on. What moved? How far? What force was applied? Be on Machine Patrol, looking for examples of the six simple machines, powered only by human effort. For our final Force and Motion lesson, we will put together a gadget gallery of household objects that make work easier. Any items you could loan to the class would be appreciated. Children will inspect the collection and identify simple machines. ( Saf 1 cy n 8 c 1: Bring any tool with an edge or point directly to me.) When I say, cGreat work! d at the end of the unit, I will really mean it.<br><br> Sincerely yours,

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