next world war could take place online. One of them is the head of the International Telecommunication Union Dr Hamadoun Touré. He says cyber-attacks could potentially be as damaging as natural disasters - and that our increasing reliance on e-communications makes even the most developed countries vulnerable to an attack by online criminals.<br><br> We 9ll hear from Dr Touré in a 6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2009 Page 2 of 4 moment but first, it 9s this week 9s question for you Dima. In the next extract Dr Touré mentions four e-words: e-commerce, e-government and two others. The question is: which one of the following three do you think he does NOT mention?<br><br> Is it a) e-education; b) e-health or c) e-transportation? Dima : Guesswork Rebecca : We 9ll check your guess in a minute, once we 9ve listened to Dr Touré. Don 9t forget to listen out for the four e-words, and also for the following language: 8a tsunami 9, which is a huge destructive wave that is usually produced as a result of an earthquake; and 8dependent on cyberspace 9, meaning completely relying on being connected to the online network 9.<br><br> Dima : That 9s 8a tsunami 9, 8dependent on cyberspace 9 and four words with the prefix 8e- 8. Ready? Here 9s Dr Touré: Clip 1 0'17" It's worse than a tsunami - look how dependent we are on the cyberspace today.<br><br> If we are cut off from the network today, there are some patients that will die in the hospital. We will not have education without e-education, health without e-health, commerce without e-commerce and government without e-government. Dima : Well he does talk about e-education, e-commerce, e-government and even e- health (whatever that means!) But there 9s no mention of e-transportation& Which means that my earlier guess was right/wrong& Rebecca : congratulations/better luck next time 6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2009 Page 3 of 4 Dima : Well, never mind e-transportation.<br><br> You 9d better tell me what we do about it 3 how do we protect ourselves from online attacks, or e-wars? Rebecca : Well Dr Touré says there are a number of various safeguards already in place. Dima : 8Safeguards 9 3 in other words, security measures, or restrictions aimed at protecting someone from harm.<br><br> Rebecca : That 9s right. For example, it's already possible to track individual users through internet addresses, including those suspected of committing online crimes. Dima : That 9s good to know, but I would think it 9s not always an easy task to determine straight away if someone's involved in cybercrime or not...<br><br> My question is, isn 9t there a danger then that these restrictions 3 these safeguards 3 could sometimes be applied mistakenly? Rebecca : Well Dr Touré specifically warns that any measures to protect against cybercrime must not lead to a curtailing of legitimate internet use. As you listen to him, look out for these word combinations: 8invading their privacy 9& Dima : &meaning watching and/or recording what people do in their own space and time; Rebecca : 8denying them that basic human right 9& Dima : &that 9s not giving people the opportunity to enjoy what they are entitled to; Rebecca : and 3 8access to information 9& Dima : & meaning the means, or the possibility to find things out.<br><br> Let 9s listen: 6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2009 Page 4 of 4 Clip 2 0'13" We have to be sure that protecting people in cyberspace does not mean invading their privacy, does not mean denying them that basic human right of access to information. Rebecca : That was the head of the International Telecommunication Union Dr Hamadoun Touré. Dima: And you can find out more about this story 3 and about words with the prefix 8e- 8 3 simply by following the links from our website, bbclearningenglish.com.<br><br> But before we go, here 9s another chance to go through some of today 9s key vocabulary. Rebecca : We talked about the expression 8dependent on cyberspace 9, meaning relying a lot on being connected to the internet. We said that a cyber-attack could potentially be worse than 8a tsunami 9, a huge destructive wave that is usually produced as a result of an earthquake.<br><br> Then there was the word 8a safeguard 9, meaning a security measure, sometimes of a restrictive nature. We also had these word combinations: 8invading their privacy 9, meaning watching and/or recording what people do in their own space and time; 8denying them that basic human right 9, which is another way of saying 8not giving people the opportunity to enjoy what they are entitled to 9; and 3 8access to information 9, meaning the means, or the possibility to find things out. And of course we discussed some of the words that are formed by adding the prefix 8e- 8, meaning electronic, or virtual, to an existing noun.<br><br> Dima : I'm afraid that's all we have time for today. Until next week. Both : Goodbye!<br><br>

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