2010 Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley

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Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference.

2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 1 Cherry 2010 Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley EM 8329-E Revised February 2010 The chemicals, formulations, and rates listed for insect, mite, and disease control are among the best recommendations based on label directions, research, and orchard use experience. Only a thorough knowledge of the orchard, its variety, tree size and density, canopy characteristics, pest complex, and past pest problems will enable you to correctly select chemicals, rates, amo unt of water used per acre, and method of application for optimum pest control. Occasionally, different formulations of a product o r like formulations containing a different amount of active ingredient also are registered and effective for use on the pests lis ted.

These products also may be used; we do not intend to discriminate against them. You may wish to consult their labels and determine whether their use confers advantages over the products listed in this guide. Always refer to the pesticide label for use instructions.

It is the legal ... more. less.

document regarding use patterns. Two questions frequently are asked about the chemical control of insects and diseases: cHow much chemical do I use per acre? d and cWhat is th e least amount of water I need per acre to apply in my concentrate sprayer? d Notice that the schedule below suggests an amount of formulated product (not active ingredient) to use per acre. This amount is based on a ctypical d middle age and density orchard with moderate pest pressure. Common sense indicates that less material may be needed (than that given) for 1- to 4-year-old orchards . Conversely, more chemical (within label limits) may be required for large, mature trees experiencing heavy pest pressure from multiple pests. Many insecticide labels today indicate the minimum amount of water needed per acre to apply concentrate sprays of insecticides, as well as how to calculate the amount of chemical needed per acre in a concentrate sprayer. CHECK LABEL BEFORE SPRAYING!! Some label directions indicate dilute applications only, such as the dimethoate labels for cherry fruit fly control. Also: 1. Make sure any tank-mixes of pesticides are compatible. For example, the elevated pH of some boron spray solutions weakens many insecticides. 2. Use adjuvants and spreader stickers with caution. 3. Heavy, brief rain or extended rainfall (0.75 inch for more than 24 hours) can remove pesticides from fruit and foliage. Reapplication may be necessary (within label limits). Important information " Be aware of worker protection standards (WPS). All new pesticide labels will provide orchard reentry intervals and personal protection equipment information. " Diazinon is now classified as a restricted-use pesticide due to bird toxicity. Maximum per-acre application rates have been reduced to 4 lb 50W, and the preharvest interval extended to 21 days. Stages Dormant season (stage 0) Dormant and delayed dormant (stages 0-1) Popcorn stage (stages 2-5) Full bloom (stages 6-7) Not shown Petal fall Shuck split Two weeks after shuck fall Late spring and summer Postharvest Illustration courtesy of Washington State University Extension Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 2 Cherry Pest Control Recommendations Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. Copper-based products alone have not worked well under condition s favorable for bacterial canker development. Dormant and Delayed Dormant (Stages 0-1 4before buds open and before eggs hatch) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Scale insects, mite eggs, aphids, eggs and larvae of certain leafrollers, peach twig borer, and bud moth Note: When using a WP formulation with oil, fill sprayer tank one-third full with water, turn on agitator, slowly add the WP, fill tank one-half full with more water, add oil. Keep agitator running, finish filling. Thorough coverage is essential. Dilute spra ys recommended during this stage. Liquid formulations mix best with oil and water. horticultural mineral oil (HMO) + an insecticide registered for these pests, such as: diazinon 50WP 4 lb Do not exceed 1 dormant application per season. Esteem 35WP 4-5 oz Do not exceed 3 applications per year. 14-day PHI. Lorsban 4E 4 pt 4-day reentry. Supracide 2E 3-12 pt Supracide may be used without oil for San Jose scale control. 2- to 14-day reentry. Shothole borer (See footnote 4, page 11) Note: Make first application in late February or March when overwintering adults first emerge. Spot treat infestations within orchard. Apply to infested trunk and limbs until runoff. endosulfan 50WP 4 See footnote 4, page 11. Lorsban 4E as above 4 pt Do not use Lorsban on sweet cherries after budbreak. Use only on sour cherries. 4-day reentry. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 3 Popcorn Stage (Stages 2-5 4blossom buds white just before opening) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Brown rot blossom blight (see footnote 3, page 11) Abound 12-15.5 fl oz See footnote 6, page 11. 4-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bravo Weather Stik 3-4.1 pt Do not apply later than shuck split. 12-hour reentry. Bumper 41.8EC 4 fl oz 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Cabrio EG 9.5 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. CaptEvate 68WDG 3.75 lb (Captan + Elevate.) Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications. 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Elevate 50WDG 1-1.5 lb 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz (Cabrio + Endura.) 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quash 2.5-4 oz 12-hour reentry. 14-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz 24-hour reentry. Rovral 4F 1-2 pt Do not make more than 2 applications per season. Do not use past shuck split. See footnote 3, page 11. 24-hour reentry. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Topsin 4.5FL 20-30 oz Tank-mix with another fungicide. 2-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb Do not apply after first cover. 48-hour reentry. 30-day PHI. Aphids, bud moth, leafrollers Note: Aphids usually are of concern only on young trees. If undesirable on mature trees, a spray 2 weeks after shuck fall is effectiv e. Altacor 3-4 oz For aphid and leafroller control. 7-day PHI. diazinon 50WP 4 lb Limited to 1 application per season. Allow 5 days before introducing bees. endosulfan 50WP 4 lb Limited to 2 applications per season. Allow 1-3 days before introducing bees. Syneta beetle (See footnote 5, page 11) Note: A local problem in certain Valley orchards. Adults may emerge and require control between early popcorn and petal fall. Place a beating tray or sheet under limbs and shake or tap branches to find beetles. Most damage is seen on pinhead size and smaller cherries. Insecticides should be applied no later than shuckfall if this prebloom application is not made. azinphos-methyl (Guthion Solupak) 1.5 lb Wait at least 5 days before introducing bees. 15-day PHI. endosulfan 50WP 4 lb Do not use more than 6 lb/A per year nor make more than 2 applications per year. Wait at least 1-3 days before introducing bees. 21-day PHI. Imidan 70WP 1.3 lb Imidan is the material of choice. Early popcorn is the time to treat if weather allows. A water-soluble bag formulation (70WSP) also is available. OR 24c for sweet cherries. Federal label for tart cherries. Wait at least 5 days before introducing bees. 7-day PHI. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 4 Full bloom (Stages 6-7) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Brown rot blossom blight (see footnote 3, page 11) Abound 12-15.5 fl oz See footnote 6, page 11. 4-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bravo Weather Stik 3-4.1 pt Do not apply later than shuck split. 12-hour reentry. Bumper 41.8EC 4 fl oz 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Cabrio EG 9.5 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. CaptEvate 68WDG 3.75 lb (Captan + Elevate.) Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Elevate 50WDG 1-1.5 lb 12-hour reentry. 0 day PHI. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz (Cabrio + Endura.) 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quash 2.5-4 oz 12-hour reentry. 14-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz 24-hour reentry. Rovral 4F 1-2 pt Do not use past shuck split. See footnote 3, page 11. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Topsin 4.5FL 20-30 oz Tank-mix with another fungicide. See footnote 3, page 11. 2-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb Do not apply after first cover. 30-day PHI. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 5 Petal Fall (75% petal fall) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Brown rot blossom blight (see footnote 3, page 11) Abound 12-15.5 fl oz See footnote 6, page 11. 4-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bravo Weather Stik 3-4.1 pt Do not apply later than shuck split. 12-hour reentry. Bumper 41.8EC 4 fl oz 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Cabrio EG 9.5 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. CaptEvate 68WDG 3.75 lb (Captan + Elevate.) Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Elevate 50WDG 1-1.5 lb 12-hour reentry. 0 day PHI. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz Generic Elite (tebuconazol). 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz (Cabrio + Endura.) 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quash 2.5-4 oz 12-hour reentry. 14-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz 24-hour reentry. Rovral 4F 1-2 pt Do not use past shuck split. See footnote 3, page 11. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Topsin 4.5FL 20-30 oz Tank-mix with another fungicide. See footnote 3, page 11. 2-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb Do not apply after first cover. 30-day PHI. Leaf spot (see footnote 2, page 11) Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bravo Weather Stik 3-4.1 pt Do not apply after shuck split. 12-hour reentry. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. Echo 720 3-4.1 pt 12-hour reentry. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Gem 500SC 1.9-3.8 oz Do not use with organosilicate surfactants. 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz Has some curative (kickback) activity. 7-day PHI. Rubigan 1EC 6-12 oz Do not apply more than 48 oz/A per season. 0-day PHI. Syllit FL 1-3 pt 48-hour reentry. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb 30-day PHI. Petal Fall continues on next page Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 6 CONTINUED 4Petal Fall (75% petal fall) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Aphids, bud moth, leafrollers Note: If this petal fall spray is used, spray only after bloom and after bees have been removed from orchard. diazinon 50WP 4 lb Limited to 1 application per season. 21-day PHI. endosulfan 50WP 4 lb Do not exceed 6 lb/A per year. Do not apply more than twice per year. Use if not sprayed prebloom and syneta beetle is a problem. 21-day PHI. Success 2L 4-8 oz Not effective on aphids. 7-day PHI. Syneta beetle Note: See popcorn stage for insecticides. Shuck Split Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Leaf spot Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bravo Weather Stik 3-4.1 pt Do not apply after shuck split. 12-hour reentry. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. Echo 720 3-4.1 pt 12-hour reentry. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Gem 500SC 1.9-3.8 oz Do not use with organosilicate surfactants. 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz Has some curative (kickback) activity. 7-day PHI. Rubigan 1EC 6-12 oz Do not apply more than 48 oz/A per season. Syllit FL 1-3 pt 48-hour reentry. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb 30-day PHI. Shothole (Coryneum blight) Note: See footnote 7, page 11. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. Echo 720 3-4.1 pt 12-hour reentry. Ziram 76DF 6 lb 30-day PHI. Powdery mildew Note: Can be a problem in some years in western Oregon. Materials used for brown rot and/or leaf spot can be effective on this disease as well. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 7 Two Weeks after Shuck Fall Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Leaf spot Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Captan 80WDG 1.9-2.5 lb 24-hour reentry. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Gem 500SC 1.9-3.8 oz Do not use with organosilicate surfactants. 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Pristine 10.5-14.5 oz 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. Rally 40WSP 2.5-6 oz Has some curative (kickback) activity. 7-day PHI. Rubigan 1EC 6 oz Do not apply more than 48 oz/A per season. Syllit FL 1-3 pt 48-hour reentry. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Ziram 76DF 6 lb 30-day PHI. Aphids Note: Aphids are of concern primarily in young orchards. Use this spray if the popcorn spray was not made and aphids are increasing. diazinon 50WP 2-4 lb Limited to 1 application per season. 21-day PHI. endosulfan 50WP 4 lb Do not exceed 6 lb/A per year. Do not apply more than twice per year. 21-day PHI. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 8 Late Spring and Summer Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Brown rot on fruit Note: Apply materials prior to harvest before wet weather is expected. Pay close attention to preharvest spray restrictions. Abound 12-15.5 fl oz See footnote 6, page 11. 4-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Adament 50WG 4-8 oz Group 3 + 11 fungicide (Elite + Gem). 5-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bumper 41.8EC 4 fl oz 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Cabrio EG 9.5 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Captan 50WP 3-4 lb 4-day reentry. CaptEvate 68WDG 3.75 lb (Captan + Elevate.) Do not apply more than 2 consecutive applications. 24-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Elevate 50WDG 1-1.5 lb 12-hour reentry. 0 day PHI. Elite 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Indar 2F 6 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Orius 45DF 4-8 oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Procure 10-16 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 1-day PHI. Quash 2.5-4.0 oz 12-hour reentry. 14-day PHI. Quilt Xcel 14 fl oz Abound + Tilt. 12-hour reentry. See footnote 6, page 11. 0-day PHI. sulfur, flowable (52%) 5 gal Phytotoxic when temperatures over 85°F. 24-hour reentry. Tilt 4 fl oz 12-hour reentry. 0-day PHI. Topsin 4.5FL 20-30 fl oz Tank-mix with another fungicide. See footnote 3, page 11. 2-day reentry. 1-day PHI. Bacterial canker, cherry witches 9 broom none 4 Prune out cankers and dead limbs during dry weather. Late Spring and Summer continues on next page Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 9 CONTINUED 4Late Spring and Summer Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Cherry fruit fly Note: First emergence can be in early May or as late as mid-June depending on location, elevation, weather, slope, and population pressure of an orchard. Growers should obtain emergence dates and base spray timing on local emergence information. SOUTH VALLEY: Douglas or Lane Co. Ext. offices. MID-VALLEY: Lane Co. Extension. NORTH VALLEY:Yamhill Co. Extension. Many other insecticides are registered for cherry fruit fly control including azinphos-methyl (Guthion) and Asana. Actara 4.5-5.5 oz 7-day PHI. Assail 70WP 2.3-3.4 oz 7-day PHI. Assail 30SG 5.3-8 oz 7-day PHI. Delegate WG 4.5-7 oz Apply no less than 1 week apart, maximum 4 times per season. 7-day PHI. dimethoate 267 3-6 pt 21-day PHI. dimethoate 400 or dimethoate 4E 0.5-2 pt 3-4 pt Do not mix dimethoate with Syllit. Thorough coverage is important. Phytotoxicity can occur and varies from marginal leaf burn to defoliation. USE ONLY ONCE PER SEASON. 21-day PHI. malathion see labels Many formulations are available: WP, ULV, and EC. WPs may leave residues visible at harvest. Fyfanon ULV is produced by Cheminova. 1- to 3-day PHI. diazinon 50WP 4 lb WPs may leave residues visible at harvest. Entrust 1.25-2.5 oz Organic formulation of spinosad. 14-day PHI. Imidan 2.33-2.5 lb Sour cherries only. 7-day PHI. Provado 1.6F 4-8 oz 7-day PHI. Sevin XLR Plus or Sevin 80WSP 2-3 qt 3 lb 3-day PHI. spinosad bait (GF-120 NF) 20 oz Apply every 7 days by air or all-terrain vehicle. Apply 0.8-1 gal/A with a D2 nozzle (without a core) attached to an ATV, at 6-7 mph. Success 2L 4-8 oz 7-day PHI. Voliam Flexi 6-7 oz 14-day PHI. Shothole borer (see footnote 4, page 11) Note: Spot-treat as needed. See delayed dormant stage. endosulfan 50WP 1.5 lb/100 gal water Do not exceed 6 lb/A per year or 2 times per year. 21-day PHI. Pear slugs Note: Usually controlled with insecticides applied for control of other pests. Pear slugs should be controlled on young trees during cestablishment years. d Fruit cracking hydrated lime 20-25 lb Thorough coverage of fruit is essential. Will reduce, not eliminate, cracking. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 10 Postharvest Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Shothole borer (see footnote 4, page 11) endosulfan 50WP 1.5 lb/100 gal water (4-5 lb/acre) See late spring and summer use. Emergence of this third generation will be in September or October. Spider mites Note: Spider mites seldom are a problem on cherries in the Willamette Valley except on young trees. Acramite 50WS 0.75-1 lb Use only once per season. 3-day PHI. Apollo 50SC 4-8 oz Do not use more than once per season. 21-day PHI. Envidor 2SC 16-18 oz 7-day PHI. Omite 30W 6 lb Postharvest use only. Onager 1EC 24 oz Postharvest use only. Savey DF 3-6 oz Does not control rust mites. 28-day PHI. Vendex 50WP 1.5-2 lb 14-day PHI if used preharvest. Increased fruit set Solubor or Borosol 5-8 lb 2-4 qt Late September or early October use with 60 gal or more of water. Don 9t mix boron sprays with pesticides. The elevated pH of the boron spray solution weakens many insecticides. Use this rate for foliar application. Dormant Season (October and January 4Stage 0) Pest or disease/ Material Amount of product per acre Comments/Reentry interval/Preharvest interval (PHI) Dead bud, bacterial canker, and shothole Note: Use of copper may increase disease in some orchards. If you use these products, apply the first spray in October before the fall rains and again in early January. Do not graze sheep in orchards sprayed with coppers. Copper-based products alone have not worked well under conditions favorable for bacterial canker development. Toxic amounts of copper can build up in orchard soils after decades of use. bordeaux 12-12-100 See footnote 1, page 11. 4 C-O-C-S WDG 8-12 lb 24-hour reentry. Copper-Count-N 6 qt/100 gal water 12-hour reentry. Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss 5-8 lb 12-hour reentry. Kocide 3000 3.5-7 lb 24-hour reentry. Nordox 75WG 5-13 lb 12-hour reentry. Nu-Cop 50DF 8-12 lb Add 1 pt horticultural mineral oil (HMO) per 100 gal water. 24-hour reentry Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 11 Footnotes 1. Bacteria resistant to copper products have been detected in many Willamette Valley crops. Some growers report control of bacterial canker by the application of bordeaux 12-12-100 in October and January; others report little or no control. Some research trials have shown that copper products can significantly increase this disease. If you choose to use copper-based products, thoroughly spray the trunks and lower scaffolds as well as the upper branches. Bordeaux 12-12-100 means 12 pounds of copper sulfate plus 12 pounds of hydrated lime in 100 gallons of water. In any bordeaux formula, the ingredients always are listed in the same order 4copper sulfate, hydrated lime, then gallons of water. 2. Young trees not being sprayed for brown rot may need an application of fungicide during bloom for adequate control of cherry leaf spot. This is more of a problem in high rainfall areas. 3. Fungal pathogens have shown resistance to several fungicides when one is used exclusively. Alternate or tank-mix with fungicides with different modes of action. Fungicides from different groups have different modes of action. Some products may already be a mix of two different fungicides. One or two applications during bloom may adequately control brown rot when products with systemic (translaminar) activity are used. 4. Shothole borer can have three generations in Valley orchards. Look for new adults and/or sawdust pushed from emergence holes in late winter, June/July, and again in Sept/Oct. It prefers young and/or stressed trees. Control is difficult and consis ts of spot-treating infested trunks and limbs with a dilute spray when adults are emerging and reinvading. Thiodan (endosulfan), although not labeled for this pest, has given some control. It, however, has a 21-day PHI and should not be used within 3 weeks of harvest. Mix as a dilute spray at the rate of 1-1.5 lb 50WP per 100 gal water. 5. Syneta beetle is a small, pale leaf- and fruit-feeding beetle that causes fruit scarring shortly after pollination through the time cherries are pinhead size. It is a localized problem in the Valley and within orchard blocks. Adults begin emerging and feeding in orchards before bloom or as late as early fruit set. First emergence has been as early as April 6 or as late as early May depending upon elevation and slope of individual blocks. Beetles may be present for 4-6 weeks in an orchard. Best time for control is PREBLOOM (popcorn) if beetles are present. Imidan (OR-24c) is the favored insecticide. Guthion (azinphos- methyl) also will give good control at this time if beetles are present. However, do not introduce bees for 5 days post spray of either insecticide because of possible residues and associated bee kills. Endosulfan 50WP (OR-24c) also will control Syneta and is not quite as hazardous to pollinators; but at the rate suggested for use, 3 days should pass prior to introducing bees. DO NOT APPLY THESE INSECTICIDES TO TREES IN BLOOM! Both ground emergence cages and ctap trays d for pear psylla monitoring are used to determine presence of Syneta. 6. Alternate with another fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not use more than 2 sequential applications. Sprayers used for Abound should not be used on apples such as Gala, Cox 9s Orange Pippin, and McIntosh. Even a small amount of drift can severely impact these apple trees. 7. Good information on the control of shothole in sweet cherry is lacking. Much of our information is derived for the same disease on peaches or almonds. Other materials also may be effective. Applications past shuck split may be needed in years when heavy spring rains continue past bloom. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 12 Table 1. Effectiveness of Fungicides and Bactericides for Control of Cherry Diseases* Fungicide Fungicide group # Properties** Brown rot (blossom blight) Brown rot (fruit rot) Cherry leaf spot Powdery mildew Shothole Pseudomonas bacterial canker Abound 11 B, F, Ls, P Good Good Good Excellent*** Fair-good Not effective Adament 3 + 11 B-N, C, F, Ls, P ?? ?? Excellent Excellent ?? Not effective Botran 14 F, P Fair Fair ?? Not effective ?? Not effective Bravo M5 B, F, P Good-fair Not registered Excellent Not effective Good Not effective Bumper/Orbit/Tilt 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Excellent Excellent ?? Good*** Slight Not effective Cabrio 11 B, F, Ls, P Good Good Fair-good Excellent*** ?? Not effective Captan M4 B, F, P Good Good Good Not effective Good-excellent Not effective CaptEvate M4 + 17 B, F, P Good Good Good Not effective Good Not effective Copper-based products M1 B, Bact, F, P Slight Not registered Good Slight Good Poor-excellent*** Echo 720 M5 B, F, P Good-fair Not registered Excellent Not effective Good Not effective Elevate 17 F, N, P Good-excellent Good-excellent ?? Not effective ?? Not effective Elite 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Good-excellent Good-excellent Good Good*** ?? Not effective Gem 11 B, F, Ls, P Fair-good Fair-good ?? Excellent*** ?? Not effective Indar 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Excellent*** Excellent*** Good-excellent Slight*** ?? Not effective HMO Not classified E, F, I, P ?? ?? ?? Good-excellent ?? ?? Kaligreem Not classified E, B-N ?? ?? ?? Poor ?? ?? Orius 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Good-excellent Good-excellent Good Excellent*** ?? Not effective Pristine 3 + 11 B-N, F, Ls, P Good-excellent Good-excellent Good Excellent** ?? Not effective Procure 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Good ?? Fair Good*** ?? Not effective Quash 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Good-excellent Good ?? Good ?? Not effective Quilt Xcel 11 + 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Excellent Excellent ?? Excellent*** Fair-good Not effective Quintec 13 N, F, P None None None Excellent None None Rally 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Good-fair Good-fair Excellent Excellent*** Slight Not effective Rovral 2 B-N, F, Ls, P Good*** Not registered Slight Not effective Fair-good Not effective Rubigan 3 B-N, C, F, Ls, P Not registered Good Excellent Good-fair ?? Not effective Sulfur M2 F, I, P, V Fair Fair Fair Good Not effective Not effective Syllit M7 B, F, P ?? Slight Good Not effective ?? None-slight Topsin 1 B, C, F, Ls Good*** Good*** ?? Good*** Not effective Not effective Ziram M3 B, F, P Slight Slight Fair Not effective Good-excellent Not effective *These ratings are relative rankings based on labeled application rates, good spray coverage, and proper spray timing. Actual l evels of disease control will be influenced by these factors in addition to cultivar susceptibility, disease pressure, and weather conditions. **Properties: B = Broad spectrum of activity; Bact = Bactericidal; B-N = Broad to narrow spectrum of activity; C = Curative, DM I = Demethylation-inhibiting; E = Eradicant; F = Fungicidal; Fs = Fungistatic; I = Insecticidal; Ls = Locally systemic; N = Narrow spectrum of activity; P = Protectant; V = Vapor active; ?? = Unknown. ***Resistant pathogens will lower the effectiveness of these fungicides. Follow the c Rules d for fungicide stewardship: R otate or mix fungicides of different chemical groups. U se labeled rates. L imit total number of applications. E ducate yourself about fungicide activity, mode of action, and class 4as well as resistance management practices. S tart a fungicide program with multisite mode of action materials. For more information about fungicides registered for use on cherries and their specific modes of action, consult the following OSU Extension publication: How to Reduce the Risk of Pesticide Resistance in Cherry Pests in Oregon , EM 8951. Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 13 Table 2. Registered Herbicides for Orchard Crops in Oregon This abbreviated table was prepared by Jeff Olsen, OSU Extension horticulturist, and Ed Peachey, OSU horticultural crop weed scientist. For a more complete guide to orchard crop weed management, please refer to the PNW Weed Management Handbook , available in hard copy or online (http://uspest.org/pnw/weeds?21W_HORT01.dat). For access to herbicide labels, visit the CDMS Agro-chemical database (http://www.cdms.net/LabelsMsds/LMDefault.aspx) or Greenbook (http://www.greenbook.net/). Site preparation Material Uses Rate glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Read label carefully for crops listed and geographic location. New plantings (newly planted trees less than 1 year old), nonbearing Material Uses Rate napropamide (Devrinol) All except chestnuts 5 lb ai/A (50 lb/A Devrinol 10-G) oryzalin (Surflan) 4 2-6 lb ai/A (2-6 qt/A Surflan AS) pendimethalin (Prowl H20, 3.3) All fruits and nuts 1.9-6 lb ai/A (2-6.3 qt/A) depending on desired weed control and crop isoxaben (Gallery or Gallery T & V) Nonbearing crop only, except chestnuts 0.5-1 lb ai/A (0.66-1.33 lb/A product) trifluralin (Treflan 4EC) Newly established, nonbearing and bearing, except pears, chestnuts, and hazelnuts 0.5-1 lb ai/A (1-2 pt/A Treflan 4EC) isoxaben + trifluralin (Snapshot 2.5TG) Nonbearing crop only, except chestnuts 5 lb ai/A (200 lb/A Snapshot 2.5TG) trifluralin + isoxaben + oxyfluorfen (Showcase) Nonbearing crops only, including apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, plums, and prunes; excluding apples, pears, hazelnuts, walnuts, and chestnuts 2.5-5 lb ai/A (100-200 lb/A Showcase) pronamide (Kerb) 4 1-4 lb ai/A (2-8 lb/A). Rate depends on species present and soil texture. fluazifop (Fusilade DX) Apples, pears, hazelnuts, and walnuts 0.25-0.375 lb ai/A (16-24 oz/A Fusilade DZ). Refer to specific grassy weeds on label. sethoxydim (Poast) Except prunes and plums 0.28-0.47 lb ai/A (1.5-2.5 pt/A product) clethodim (Envoy, Prism, Select) Nonbearing trees only 0.06-0.125 lb ai/A (6-8 oz/A Select) paraquat (Gramozone Inteon, Firestorm) 4 0.625-1 lb cation/A (2.5-4 pt/A Gramoxone; 1.7-2.7 pt/A Firestorm) glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Read label carefully for crops listed and geographic location. glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Wiper: 33% solution glufosinate ammonium (Rely) Apples, hazelnuts, and walnuts 0.75-1.5 lb ai/A (3-6 qt/A Rely) oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL) 4 1.25-2 lb ai/A (5-8 pt/A Goal 2XL) Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 14 Established plantings/Applications that persist in the soil Material Uses Rate pendimethalin (Prowl H20) 4 Prowl H2O: 1.9-6 lb ai/A (2-6.3 qt/A), depending on desired length of weed control and crop. flumioxazin (Chateau SW and WDG) Pome, stone, and nut trees 0.188-0.38 lb ai/A Chateau WDG. Slight differences in rates and uses in SW and WDG labels. Refer to label for organic matter, soil types, and rates for various broadleaf weeds. dichlobenil (Casoron) Apples, pears, cherries, and hazelnuts 4-6 lb ai/A (100-150 lb/A Casoron) diuron (Karmex DF and others) Apples, pears, peaches, hazelnuts, and walnuts only See label for crop-specific application rates. simazine (Princep Caliber 90 is a Special Local Needs label for sweet cherries only). Tart cherries have a federal label for Princep 4L, Caliber 90, and other simazine herbicides in Oregon. Except chestnuts, apricots, prunes, and nectarines See product labels for rates. terbacil (Sinbar 80) Bearing apples and peaches only; labeled for nonbearing apricot, pear, apple, cherry, peach, and plum 0.4-0.8 lb ai/A (0.5-1 lb/A), newly established; 2-4 lb/A Sinbar, bearing, depending on soil type. norflurazon (Solicam) Except chestnuts 1.97-7.8 lb ai/A (2.5-10 lb/A Solicam) napropamide (Devrinol) Except chestnuts 5 lb ai/A (50 lb/A Devrinol 10G) oryzalin (Surflan AS) Except apples, cherries, nectarines, peaches, prunes, and walnuts 2-6 lb ai/A (2-6 qt/A Surflan) pronamide (Kerb) Except apricots, hazelnuts, and walnuts 1-4 lb ai/A (2-8 lb/A Kerb 50W) trifluralin (Treflan 4EC) Stone fruit and walnuts 0.5-1 lb ai/A (1-2 pt/A Treflan 4EC) oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL) 4 1.25-2 lb ai/A (5-8 pt/A Goal 2XL) Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 15 Established plantings/Postemergence contact and translocated herbicides Material Uses Rate paraquat (Gramoxone Max, Firestorm) 4 0.625-1 lb cation/A (2.5-4 pt/A Gramoxone; 1.7-2.7 pt/A Firestorm) oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL) 4 1.25-2 lb ai/A (5-8 pt/A Goal 2XL) glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Spray: read label carefully for crops listed and geographic location. glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Wiper: 33% solution glufosinate ammonium (Rely) Apples, hazelnuts, and walnuts 0.75-1.5 lb ai/A (3-6 qt/A Rely) 2,4-D amine (Saber, Weed-Rhap A4D, Dri-Clean Herbicide) 4 0.95-1.4 lb ae/A (2-3 pt/A Saber) clopyralid (Stinger) Stone fruits only 0.12-0.25 lb ae/A (0.33-0.66 pt/A Stinger) rimsulfuron (Matrix FNV) All fruit and nut crops 0.063 lb ai/A (4 oz/A Matrix FNV per year) halosulfuron (Sandea) Hazelnuts and walnuts 0.032-0.062 lb ai/A (0.66-1.33 oz/A) fluazifop (Fusilade DX) Bearing stone fruits 0.25-0.375 lb ai/A (16-24 oz/A Fusilade DX). Refer to specific grassy weeds listed on label. sethoxydim (Poast) Except prunes and plums 0.28-0.47 lb ai/A (1.5-2.5 pt/A Poast) Grass suppression in row middles (chemical mowing) Material Uses Rate glyphosate (numerous product names) 4 Read label carefully for crops listed and geographic location. sethoxydim (Poast) 4 0.09 lb ai/A (0.5 pt/A Poast) Use only one material except where a combination is indicated. Follow label precautions when tank-mixing oils, fungicides, and insecticides. Materials are not listed in order of preference. 2010 Cherry Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley " EM 8329-E " page 16 OSU Internet Resources for Plant Protection Information regarding plant protection is available from several sources at OSU. The following listings are excellent examples: " OSU Integrated Plant Protection Center. Online weather data and degree day information for insect pests and diseases (http://uspest.org/wea/) " Eastern filbert blight help page 4all the information you need for this disease (http://oregonstate.edu/dept/botany/epp/EFB/) " Codling moth development information (http://ippc2.orst.edu/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?clm) " Apple scab infection season information (http://ippc2.orst.edu/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?spp=asc) " Pear scab infection season information (http://ippc2.orst.edu/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?spp=asp) " Pear scab infection period information for the Hood River Valley (http://ippc2.orst.edu/hr/) " Fire blight risk information (http://ippc2.orst.edu/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?fbl) Directions for the use of each model are available at each site. " OSU Botany and Plant Pathology Department. Site of cOnline Guide to Plant Disease Control. d Disease symptom descriptions, pictures of disease symptoms, and other information helpful in plant protection (http://plant-disease.ippc.orst.edu/) " Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook (http://uspest.org/pnw/insects) " Pacific Northwest Weed Management Handbook (http://uspest.org/pnw/weeds) Basic Elements of Safe Pesticide Use " Always read the label with care. This is the first step in selecting the right material for the job. Never rely on your memory. Before opening the container, pay strict attention to warnings and cautions printed on the label. " Keep all pesticide and spray materials out of the reach of children, pets, and irresponsible persons. Storage outside of the ho me, away from food and feed, and under lock and key is the safest method. " Store only in the original container and keep tightly closed. " NEVER smoke, eat, or drink while applying pesticides. " Avoid inhalation or direct contact. Always wear protective clothing and safety devices as recommended on the label. " Avoid spills. If spills occur, take immediate action to remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly. " After each application, bathe and change to clean clothing. Wash clothing after each use. Always use fresh clothing when starting new application. " Avoid contamination of fish ponds and water supplies. Cover feed and water containers when treating around livestock or pet areas. " Keep separate equipment for use with hormone-type herbicides to avoid accidental injury to susceptible plants. Also avoid applications under wind conditions that could create drift to nontarget areas. " Rinse empty containers three times before disposing of them. Add the rinse to the spray tank and dispose of containers according to local regulations to avoid hazard to humans, animals, and the environment. " Follow label directions for mixing and application to keep residues within the limits prescribed by law. " Plan ahead. Discuss with your physician the materials you will be using during the season so that he or she can be prepared to provide the appropriate treatment in case of accidental exposure. If symptoms of illness occur, call the physician or get the patient to a hospital immediately. Always provide the medical personnel with as much information as possible. " Be cautious when you apply pesticides. Know your legal responsibility as a pesticide applicator. You may be liable for injury o r damage resulting from pesticide use. Oregon Poison Center The Oregon Health Sciences University 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Room CB 550 Portland, OR 97201 Phone: 503-494-8968; Oregon Toll Free: 1-800-452-7165; Nationwide: 1-800-222-1222 If a person has collapsed or is not breathing, dial 911. Prepared by Jeff Olsen, Extension horticulturist, Yamhill County, and Jay W. Pscheidt, Extension plant pathologist, Oregon Stat e University. The information in this pest management guide is valid for 2010. The mention of commercial products in this publication does not constitute endorsement by the Oregon State University Extension Service, nor should exclusion be interpreted as criticism of any item, form, or service. Due to constantly changing l aws and regulations, the Oregon State University Extension Service can assume no liability for the suggested use of chemicals contained in this guide. Pesticides sho uld be applied according to the label directions on the pesticide container. © 2010 Oregon State University. This publication may be photocopied or reprinted in its entirety for noncommercial purposes. Th is publication was produced and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Extension work is a cooperative program of Orego n State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Oregon counties. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational programs, activiti es, and materials without discrimination based on age, color, disability, gender identity or expression, marital status, national origin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or veteran 9s status. Oregon State University Extension Service is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Revised January 2009; revised February 2010

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