INDIAN TELECOM HISTORY

I, Postal Department and the Telegraph Department were amalgamated under a single Director-General. "April, 1925 : The accounts of the Indian Posts and Telegraphs were reconstituted to examine the true fiscal profile of the department.<br><br> "The attempt was to find out the extent to which the department was imposing a burden on the taxpayers . tele~linkers next generation messengers Historical Changes " 1st April, 1950 : In 1950 the number of Telephone Exchanges absorbed from princely states was 196. "The installed capacity of these 196 exchanges was 13,362 lines with 11,296 working connections.<br><br> "Improve their technical efficiency by replacing obsolete and unserviceable equipment and lending well-qualified and experienced staff. tele~linkers next generation messengers FROM P&T TO DoT tele~linkers next generation messengers P&T \x2 DoT "31st December, 1984 : postal, telegraph and telephone services were managed by the Posts and Telegraphs Department till this date. "January 1985 :two separate Departments for the Posts and the Telecommunications were created.<br><br> "The accounts of the department, initially, were maintained by the Accountant General of the P&T. DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS tele~linkers next generation messengers DoT "The Telecommunication Board consisted of the Secretary Telecommunications,who wasthe Chairman with Member(Finance), Member (Operations), Member (Development), Member (Personnel) and Member (Technology). "1989 :The Telecom Commission was constituted.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers DoT " The Commission has the DoT Secretary as its Chairman with Member (Services), Member(Technology) and Member (Finance) as its full time members. "The Secretary (Finance), Secretary (DoE), Secretary (Industries) and Secretary (Planning Commission) are part time members of the Commission. tele~linkers next generation messengers DoT "1986 :Department reorganised the Telecommunication Circles with the Secondary Switching Areas as basic units.<br><br> "This was implemented in a phased manner. "Bombay and Delhi Telephones were separated to create the new entity called MahanagarTelephone Nigam Ltd.(MTNL). NATIONAL TELECOM POLICY 1994 tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "Focus : telecommunication for all and telecommunication within the reach of all.<br><br> This means ensuring the availability of telephone on demand as early as possible. "Achieving universal service covering all villages as early as possible i.e. provision of access to all people for certain basic telecom services at affordable and reasonable prices.<br><br> "The defenceand security interests of the country will be protected. tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "The quality of telecom services should be of world standard. Removal of consumer complaints, dispute resolution and public interface will receive special attention providing widest permissible range of services to meet the customer's demand at reasonable prices.<br><br> "Taking into account India's size and development, it is necessary to ensure that India emerges as a major manufacturing base and major exporter of telecom equipment. tele~linkers next generation messengers Status--1994 "Telephone density was 0.8 per hundred persons as against the world average of 10 per hundred persons. "Lower than China (1.7), Pakistan (2), Malaysia (13).<br><br> "8 million lines with a waiting list of about 2.5 million. Nearly 1.4 lakhvillages, out of a total of 5,76,490 villages in the country, are covered by telephone services. There are more than 1 lakhpublic call offices in the urban areas.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Revised Targets "Telephone should be available on demand by 1997. "All villages should be covered by 1997. "Urban areas-PCO for every 500 persons by 1997.<br><br> "All value-added services available internationally should be introduced in India well within the VIII Plan period, preferably by 1996. tele~linkers next generation messengers GSM " August, 1995 : GSM entered India. "Historic first cell phone-call was made by MobileNet- joint venture between Telstra (Australia) & B.K.<br><br> Modi group. "Mobile revolution began in Kolkata. "Handset costs-40,000 & Call tariff-17 rs/min.<br><br> TELECOM REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF INDIA tele~linkers next generation messengers TRAI "January 1997 : TRAI was formed. "To provide an effective regulatory framework and adequate safeguards to ensure fair competition and protection of consumer interests. "1998 : First tariff order issued in 3thus reforms effective from 1998.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Role of TRAI "Section 13 of the TRAI Act gives adequate powers to TRAI to issue directions to service providers. "Under Section 14 of the Act, the TRAI has full adjudicatory powers to resolve disputes between service providers. "TRAI will be assigned the arbitration function for resolution of disputes between Government (in its role as licensor) and any licensee.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Teledensity-1998 NATIONAL TELECOM POLICY 1999 tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "Availability of affordable and effective communications for the citizens-core vision and goal of the telecom policy. "Balance between universal service to all uncovered areas, including the rural areas, and high-level services capable of meeting the needs of the country 9s economy. "Development of telecommunication facilities in remote, hilly and tribal areas of the country.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "Create a modern and efficient telecommunications infrastructure taking into account the convergence of IT, media, telecom and consumer electronics and thereby propel India into becoming an IT superpower. "Convert PCO 9s, wherever justified, into Public Teleinfo centres having multimedia capability like ISDN services, remote database access, government and community information systems etc. tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "Transform in a time bound manner, the telecommunications sector to a greater competitive environment in both urban and rural areas providing equal opportunities and level playing field for all players.<br><br> "Strengthen research and development efforts in the country and provide an impetus to build world-class manufacturing capabilities. tele~linkers next generation messengers Objectives "Achieve efficiency and transparency in spectrum management. "Protect the defence& security interests of the country.<br><br> "Enable Indian Telecom Companies to become truly global players. tele~linkers next generation messengers Targets "Telephone on demand by the year 2002. "Teledensityof 7 by the year 2005 and 15 by the year 2010.<br><br> "Development of telecom in rural areas, more affordable, suitable tariff structure and making rural communication mandatory for all fixed service providers. "Increase rural teledensityfrom the current level of 0.4 to 4 by the year 2010, reliable transmission media in all rural areas. tele~linkers next generation messengers Targets "Achieve telecom coverage of all villages in the country and provide reliable media to all exchanges by the year 2002.<br><br> "Internet access to all district head quarters by the year 2000. "High speed data and multimedia capability using technologies including ISDN to all towns with a population greater than 2 lacby the year 2002 . tele~linkers next generation messengers March 2005 Impact of NTP-99 on Mobile BSNL tele~linkers next generation messengers BSNL "1st October 2000 :Department created BSNL, a new entity to operate services in different parts of the country as a public sector unit.<br><br> "Grown to a network of over 45 million lines covering 5000 towns & over 35 million telephone connections. tele~linkers next generation messengers Telecom Services Market % Contribution to Telecom Service Revenue FY 2003 46% 19% 2% 18% 12% 3% W ireline GS m CDM A Domestic Long Distance International Long Distance Data tele~linkers next generation messengers Switching Infrastructure Switching capacity of 60 million fixed network 74% 10% 16% BSNL MTNL Other Private Operators As on September 2003 tele~linkers next generation messengers March 2005 Transmission Infrastructure Optical fibrebase 0.5 million route km Microwave base 0.15 million route km tele~linkers next generation messengers March 2005 India -An attractive and lucrative destination Sectorwise inflow of Telecom FDI in % 4% 24% 1% 1% 0% 2% 1% 0% 16% 51% 0% 0% Basic Telephone Service Cellular Mobile Telephone Service Radio Paging Service E-Mail Service V SAT Service Cable TV Network+Internet Satellite Telephone Service Radio Trunking Service Manufacturing & Consultancy Holding Companies Other Value Added Services Automatic Route (1991-2003) FDI in Telecom US$ 2 billion 20% of total FDIrelated to telecom BROADBAND POLICY 2004 tele~linkers next generation messengers Premeable "Recognisingthe potential of ubiquitous Broadband service in growth of GDP and enhancement in quality of life through societal applications including tele-education, tele-medicine, e-governance, entertainment as well as employment generation by way of high speed access to information and web-based communication . "High speed Internet access at 128 kbps is considered as 8Broadband 9.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Broadband Connectivity "An 8always-on 9data connection that is able to support interactive services including Internet access and has the capability of the minimum download speed of 256 kilo bits per second (kbps) to an individual subscriber from the Point Of Presence (POP) of the service provider. "The interactive services will exclude any services for which a separate licenceis specifically required, for example, real-time voice transmission, except to the extent that it is presently permitted under ISP licence with Internet Telephony. tele~linkers next generation messengers Broadband Subscribers Year EndingInternet Subscribers Broadband Subscribers 20056 million3 million 200718 million9 million 201040 million20 million tele~linkers next generation messengers Technology Options "Optical FibreTechnologies: 4.5 lakhroute kms.<br><br> of optical fibrelaid by BSNL / MTNL and more than 1 lakhroute kms laid by private operators. "Digital Subscriber Lines(DSL) on copper loop : Recognising that last mile copper loop is not a 8bottleneck facility 9for broadband services, access providers shall be free to enter into mutually agreed commercial arrangements for utilization of available copper loop for expansion of broadband services. tele~linkers next generation messengers Technology Options "40 million copper loops in the country available with BSNL and MTNL out of which 14 million loops are in rural areas.<br><br> "Management of BSNL and MTNL has decided to provide 1.5 million connections by the end of 2005. "Cable TV Network: can be used as franchisee network. tele~linkers next generation messengers Technology Options "Of the service provider for provisioning Broadband services.<br><br> "Satellite MediaVery Small Aperture Terminals (VSAT) and Direct-to-Home(DTH): services would be encouraged for penetration of Broadband and Internet services with the added advantage to serve remote and inaccessible areas. tele~linkers next generation messengers Technology Options "Terrestrial Wireless: 5.15-5.35 GHz band shall be de- licensed for the indoor use of low power Wi-Fi systems.For outdoor use, the band 5.25-5.35 GHz shall be de-licensed in consultation with DoSand delicensing in the band 5.15-5.25 GHz would be considered after the process of vacation. "Alternative spectrum bands which are not in high usage and could be deployed for Broadband services.<br><br> tele~linkers next generation messengers Urban & Rural Tele-density tele~linkers next generation messengers Mobile Subscriber base tele~linkers next generation messengers Fixed Subscribers Base tele~linkers next generation messengers PSU 9sOperators Subscribers Base tele~linkers next generation messengers PSU 9sOperators Subscribers base tele~linkers next generation messengers Private Operators Subscribers base tele~linkers next generation messengers Private Operators Subscribers base tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers Average Revenue per User (ARPU) tele~linkers next generation messengers Revenue tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers tele~linkers next generation messengers Tele-density Growth tele~linkers next generation messengers Tele-density Growth 2006 & 2007 tele~linkers next generation messengers "2006 was the year of dynamic growth for Telecom Sector. New policies, rules, faces popped in and the market saw a huge growth in terms of subscriber additions. India surpassed China in monthly additions and teledensitycrossed the figure of 20.<br><br> "2007 took from where 2006 ended and still the growth is on as July 2007 was the highest subscriber addition in world 37.34 million. "This we will include in our next part of Indian Telecom History 3Volume -2. tele~linkers next generation messengers Courtesy DOT TRAI VSNL MTNL & BSNL COAI tele~linkers next generation messengers THANK YOU TELECOM INDIA DAILY For more visit www.telecomindiaonline.com For free daily newsletter subscription mail us at info@telecomindiaonline.com<br><br>

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